【作者】 李娜；

【导师】 王海清；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学(华东) ， 安全科学与工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业的发展和科技的进步,全球工业安全生产形势日益严峻,人们日益重视安全问题。安全仪表系统作为风险控制措施的一种,是保障企业安全可靠长周期运行的重要手段,结合国家安监总局116号文的要求,对安全仪表系统进行优化设计和评估研究是十分重要的。目前国内外对安全仪表系统进行了相当多的研究和探讨,但是更多的关注重点放在低需求模式的安全仪表系统的可靠性和维修性建模方面,相对而言,从经济性角度对安全仪表系统进行优化设计和评估研究的探讨很少。本文从经济性角度出发,将成本因素考虑到不同需求模式下安全仪表系统方案设计、可行性评估以及维修优化的过程中,以更好的实现安全性和经济性的平衡。首先,基于期望效用理论确定安全完整性等级。使用效用函数表达安全完整性等级,通过最大化期望效用确定最优的目标安全完整性等级,从而最大程度的降低违规设计和过度设计的风险。根据确定的目标安全完整性等级,提出安全仪表系统的配置和整改投资方案。基于最低合理可行原则,对不同的投资方案进行成本收益分析,从而评估方案的可行性,实现了在不违背可靠性要求的基础上选择经济性最优的投资决策。结合安全仪表系统的安全功能,提出了两种更符合实际的成本收益分析方法,为投资决策提供进一步的技术支持。对于确定了结构选型的安全仪表系统方案,可以进行维修优化。本文针对存在冗余的安全仪表系统提出了一种在线进行预防性维修的方法,通过成本收益分析确定安全仪表系统方案的最优维修间隔,从而实现对维修策略的优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of industry and the advancement of technology,the situation of global industrial safety production is becoming increasingly severe,and people are paying more and more attention to safety issues.As one of the risk control measures,the safety instrumented system is an important means to ensure the safe and reliable long-term operation of the enterprise.In conjunction with the requirements of Document 116 of the State Administration of Safety Supervision,optimization design and evaluation research of the safety instrumented system is very important.At present,quite a lot of research and discussions have been made on safety instrumented systems at home and abroad,but more attention has been focused on the reliability and maintainability modeling of safety instrumented systems in low demand mode.Relatively speaking,few discussions have been conducted on safety instrumented systems for optimization design and evaluation studies from the perspective of economics.From an economic point of view,this paper takes the cost factor into consideration in the process of designing,feasibility evaluation and maintenance optimization of the safety instrumented system under different demand modes,in order to achieve a better balance between safety and economy.First,determine the safety integrity level based on the expected utility theory.The utility function is used to express the safety integrity level,and the optimal target safety integrity level is determined by maximizing the expected utility,thereby minimizing the risk of violation design and over-design.According to the determined target safety integrity level,the configuration and rectification investment schemes of the safety instrumented system are proposed.Perform costbenefit analysis on different investment schemes based on the principle of as low as reasonably practicable,thereby evaluating the feasibility of the schemes.It realizes the selection of the most economical investment decision without violating the reliability requirements.Combining the safety functions of the safety instrumented system,two more realistic cost-benefit analysis methods are proposed to provide further technical support for investment decisions.For the safety instrumented system scheme with the determined structure,maintenance optimization can be carried out.This article proposes a method of online preventive maintenance for the safety instrumented systems with a redundant structure.The optimal maintenance interval of the safety instrumented system scheme is determined through the costbenefit analysis,so as to optimize the maintenance strategy.更多还原