基于约束理论的多品种小批量生产排程系统研究与设计

【作者】 刘威；

【导师】 袁红兵； 何丽丰；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 工业工程（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 随着制造技术的发展和市场竞争的加剧,企业逐渐由传统的单一品种大批量生产模式向多品种小批量生产模式转变,与此同时也给企业的生产排程带来了挑战。生产排程问题变得越发复杂和多变,传统的经验式、人工式排程方法存在效率低,不够灵活等问题,无法有效应对市场环境,企业需要制定更加科学合理的生产排程方案以保质保量完成客户订单,且需要更加灵活的生产排程方法以应对生产活动中频繁出现的突发状况,保证生产稳定有序进行,提高生产效率。本文从多品种小批量生产模式的特点出发,以实际生产车间为研究对象,针对其生产排程过程中存在的问题进行分析。首先基于约束理论的鼓-缓冲-绳子计划控制模型,对瓶颈识别和缓冲设置进行讨论,建立了以瓶颈工序为鼓点的前拉后推的生产排程模型,并对动态排程问题进行了讨论。接着针对排程问题的复杂性,采用遗传算法对生产排程问题进行求解,并对算法进行改进,以提高算法的计算效率。使用实例数据对模型及算法进行验证,结果表明本文模型得到的生产排程方案在总完工时间、平均流程时间等方面要优于传统排程方案。最后基于生产排程模型及排程算法设计开发生产排程管理系统,并导入实例数据对系统进行测试,进一步提高企业生产排程效率,并减轻计划人员的工作负担。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of manufacturing technology and the intensification of market competition,the production mode of enterprises gradually changes from the traditional single variety mass production to multi variety small batch production.At the same time,it also brings challenges to the production scheduling of enterprises,which have become more and more complex and changeable.The traditional empirical and manual scheduling methods have problems such as low efficiency and inflexibility,which can not effectively deal with the market environment.Enterprises need to formulate more scientific and reasonable production scheduling schemes to complete customer orders with quality and quantity.Also,more flexible production scheduling methods are needed to deal with frequent emergencies in production activities,ensuring a stable and orderly production and improving the production efficiency.This paper starts from the characteristics of multi variety and small batch production mode,taking the actual production workshop as the research object,and analyzes the problems existing in its production scheduling process.Firstly,based on the drum-bufferrope planning control model of constraint theory,the bottleneck identification and buffer setting are discussed,then the production scheduling model of forward pull and backward push with the bottleneck process as the drum is established,and the dynamic scheduling problem is discussed.What’s more,aiming at the complexity of the scheduling problem,the genetic algorithm,which is improved to promote the computational efficiency,is used to solve the production scheduling problem.The results show that the production scheduling scheme obtained by this model is better than the traditional scheduling scheme in terms of total completion time and average process time.Finally,the production scheduling management system is developed based on the production scheduling model and scheduling algorithm,and the example data is imported to test the system,so as to further improve the production scheduling efficiency and reduce the workload of planners.更多还原