【作者】 郭玲；

【导师】 王倩； 荆成；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 新闻与传播硕士（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【副题名】家庭场域下儿童礼仪文化传播研究

【摘要】 礼仪文化作为中华民族特有的文化基因,蕴含着圆融、和谐、仁爱、中庸等人文思想,对个人道德品质的培养、良好家风的建设、社会主义核心价值观的弘扬起着重要作用。“仓廪实而知礼节,衣食足而知荣辱。”在我国综合实力显著增强、国际影响力稳步提升的背景下,中华传统礼仪文化传播理应受到重视。儿童是民族的未来,家庭又是儿童接受教育的重要场所。因此论文以家庭场域下儿童礼仪文化传播为研究对象,利用传播学和社会心理学等理论知识,结合深度访谈、案例分析、问卷调查等方法,探究儿童礼仪文化家庭传播现状,包括传播主体、渠道、内容、目标、效果等方面,并针对传播问题提出解决措施,以期为礼仪文化传播实践提供理论支撑。论文结合“主我与客我”理论,分析家庭场域下儿童礼仪文化传播的内在机理。作为儿童原始情感的“主我”与社会约束和期待的“客我”间的互动是传播基础,二者的矛盾调和是传播实质。矛盾调和体现为以敬、谦、诚、俭为精神内涵的礼仪文化,帮助儿童获得内心秩序感、良好人情关系,缓解内心冲突及实现自身价值。儿童礼仪文化家庭传播的原始渠道是家长对儿童的言传身教。伴随媒介技术的发展,依托大众传媒存在的礼仪文化也成为家长对儿童进行礼仪教育的重要内容。论文用“上手”指代以日常体验为主的原始传播形态,用“在手”指代依托大众传媒的侧重观看和消费的传播形态。在从“上手”到“在手”的转变中,儿童礼仪文化家庭传播的主体、渠道、内容、目标均有变化。除传播主体从以父母等长辈为代表向依托媒体转变外,儿童礼仪文化也借助图文、声音、影像等载体呈现。互联网鲜明的多模态符号带来儿童礼仪文化的现代意义阐释、“话语置换”以及儿童网络“新礼仪”,加深了儿童对礼仪文化的感知和理解。同时传播目标由“上手”传播中的日常生活和礼仪教育转变为“在手”中的价值引导和经济利益。研究发现,“上手”和“在手”传播效果也呈现不同特点。“上手”传播让儿童从礼仪展演中获得情感入口。借助礼仪文化符号,儿童逐次形成符号认知、身份认知和文化认同。在自我身份认知及“我们”情感的建构中,儿童和家长形成关于礼仪文化的共享意义空间。“在手”传播在传承礼仪文化的同时对儿童进行情感按摩。传统媒介传播的礼仪文化帮助儿童修复自我认知、规范自身行为,也麻醉儿童意识,让儿童对礼仪文化进行被动模仿。依托网络存在的礼仪文化实现儿童个体化与社会化共存、加速儿童获得礼仪文化身份认同,以及助推主流媒体议程设置功能的发挥。但网络媒介也产生负面影响,如符号盲目拼贴带来礼仪文化意义消解、符号狂欢下的情绪化传播,以及流量逻辑下儿童主体性缺失和异化。论文以家庭场域下儿童礼仪文化传播的问题及反思为落脚点,强调要认识传播过程中儿童礼仪文化内涵弱化、传播媒介时间和空间偏向难两全的弊端,警惕儿童与家长之间明显的期待视域偏差以及国外礼仪文化影响;有必要从家庭成员、媒体、政府、社区等主体出发,提出家庭场域下儿童礼仪文化“上手”“在手”传播的优化路径,希望其能对儿童礼仪文化的家庭传播带来启发。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a unique cultural gene of the Chinese nation,etiquette culture contains humanistic thoughts such as harmony,benevolence and moderation,which plays an important role in cultivating personal moral quality,building a good family style and promoting socialist core values."Cang Li knows etiquette,food and clothing know honor and disgrace." Under the background that China’s comprehensive strength has been significantly enhanced and its international influence has been steadily enhanced,the spread of Chinese traditional etiquette culture should be paid attention to.Children are the future of the nation,and the family is an important place for children to receive education.Therefore,this thesis takes the communication of children’s etiquette culture in the family field as the research object,uses the theoretical knowledge of communication and social psychology,combined with in-depth interviews,case analysis,questionnaires and other methods to explore the current situation of children’s etiquette culture communication in the family,including communication subjects,channels,contents,objectives and effects,puts forward solutions to the communication problems,with a view to providing theoretical support for the practice of etiquette culture communication.Based on the theory of "subject-self and guest-self",this thesis analyzes the internal mechanism of children’s etiquette culture communication in the family field.The interaction between the "main self" as children’s original emotion and the "guest self" constrained and expected by society is the basis of communication,and the contradiction between them is the essence of communication.Contradictory harmony is embodied in the etiquette culture with respect,modesty,honesty and frugality as its spiritual connotation,which helps children gain a sense of inner order and good human relations,alleviate inner conflicts and realize their own values.The original channel of family communication of children’s etiquette culture is parents’ words and deeds to children.With the development of media technology,etiquette culture based on mass media has become an important part of parents’ etiquette education for children.In this thesis,"hands-on" refers to the primitive communication form which is mainly based on daily experience,and "being in hands" refers to the communication form which relies on mass media and focuses on viewing and consumption.During the transition from "hands-on" to "being in hands",the subject,channel,content and goal of family communication of children’s etiquette culture have changed.In addition to the transformation of the main body of communication from parents and other elders to relying on the media,children’s etiquette culture is also presented by means of graphic,audio,video and other carriers.The distinctive multimodal symbols of the Internet bring the modern interpretation of children’s etiquette culture,"discourse replacement" and children’s network "new etiquette",which deepens children’s perception and understanding of etiquette culture.At the same time,the communication goal has changed from daily life and etiquette education in "hands-on" to value guidance and economic benefits in "being in hands".It is found that the communication effects of "hands-on" and "being in hands" also show different characteristics."Hands-on" communication allows children to get emotional entrance from etiquette performances.With the help of etiquette and cultural symbols,children gradually form symbol cognition,identity cognition and cultural identity.In the process of self-identity cognition and the construction of "we" emotion,children and parents form a shared meaning space about etiquette culture."Being in hands" communication carries on emotional massage to children while inheriting etiquette culture.The etiquette culture spread by traditional media helps children to repair their self-cognition,standardize their own behavior and anesthetize children’s consciousness,so that children can passively imitate etiquette culture.Relying on the etiquette culture existing in the network can realize the coexistence of children’s individualization and socialization,accelerate children’s acquisition of etiquette culture identity and promote the mainstream media’s agenda-setting function.However,the network media also has negative effects,such as the dissolution of etiquette and cultural meaning caused by the blind collage of symbols,the emotional spread under the carnival of symbols and the lack and alienation of children’s subjectivity under the flow logic.Based on the problems and reflections on the communication of children’s etiquette culture in the family field,this thesis emphasizes the need to understand the disadvantages of weakening the connotation of children’s etiquette culture in the communication process,the media’s time and space bias,be alert to the obvious expectation threshold deviation between children and parents and the influence of foreign etiquette culture.It is necessary to put forward the optimal path of "hands-on" and "being in hands" communication of children’s etiquette culture in the family field from the subjects of family members,media,government and community,hoping that it can bring inspiration to the family communication of children’s etiquette culture.更多还原