【作者】 王丹；

【导师】 王凯丽；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳师范大学 ， 现代教育技术（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国,肢残是人数最多的残疾类型,占残疾人总数的29%。在课程教学中正视肢残学生的特殊学情,帮助他们在合作与协作中探究学习,对于缩小他们与健全人工作、学习和生活体验之间的差距,帮助他们获得出彩人生来说重要且必要。本研究在中职院校信息技术课程教学观察和对用人单位的访谈中发现,肢残中职学生在学习、实习或入职后都出现缺乏主动探究精神与合作意识的问题。通过对学生的访谈发现,与健全学生不同,肢残学生的这些问题与其生理特殊性以及由此影响的特殊心理有一定关系。为培养肢残中职学生的主动探究精神和合作意识,本研究以人本主义与发现学习、建构主义与支架式教学、实用主义与设计教学、教学系统设计为理论基础,参考巴克教育学院项目学习专著中项目学习的设计、实施、评价模型,从生理和心理两个维度为肢残中职学生“画像”;依托“信息安全基础”、“图文编辑”和“数据处理”模块教学内容设计并实施项目学习教学方案。经过两轮行动研究并通过观察和访谈发现,本研究设计与实施的基于“画像”的项目学习通过提供与肢残中职学生密切相关的挑战性问题,激发和保持了肢残中职学生的求知欲,学生为解决真实的挑战性问题开展合作与协作,不仅主动完成了应知应会的知识与技能,并且尝试拓展学习。基于“画像”的项目学习有效提升了肢残中职学生的主动探究精神和合作意识。此外,总结肢残中职学生信息技术课程项目学习设计需要注意:挑战性问题要真实且与肢残中职学生实际生活密切相关;小组划分要依据肢残中职学生的生理和心理特殊性,并在合作学习中持续提供学法指导;项目展示评价环节要给予充分的准备和展示时间。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China,physically disabled is the largest type of disability,accounting for 29%of the total number of disabled people.It is important and necessary to face up to the special learning situation of disabled students,and help them learn actively in cooperation in course,as a result the gap between them and common persons will be significantly shorten in their work,study and life experience.Then they will better integrate into society,and equally enjoy the chance of brilliant life.Through the observation in the teaching of Information Technology courses and the interview with employers,this study found the disabled students of secondary vocational school were lack of initiative and cooperative spirits during their study,practice or work.Their problems have a certain relationship with their physical particularity and special psychology under the influence of physical particularity,less affected by weak learning motivation and other reasons.In order to cultivate the active initiative and cooperative spirits of the students,the study firstly made a "student profile" of them from the physical and psychological dimensions,referring to the design,implementation and evaluation model of BIE,based on the theory of humanism and discovery learning,constructivism and scaffolding teaching,pragmatism and design teaching,teaching system design.And then the study selected the content "Information Security Foundation","Graphic Editing" and "Data Processing" to design modules and implement the project learning instructional design scheme.During the two rounds of action-research,it was found that Project-Based Learning could stimulate and maintain the thirst for knowledge by providing them with real and challenging problems.Additionally,the students could cooperate and communicate with others to solve the problems,actively master the knowledge and skills they should know,and even try to expand their learning.The project-based learning in this study effectively improve the initiative and cooperative spirits of the students.Moreover,we should pay attention to such challenges that the project should be real and closely related to the actual life of students;groups should be composed according to students’ physical and psychological particularities and be provided with continuous learning guidance.adequate preparation and presentation time should be provided for the project presentation and evaluation section.更多还原