【作者】 李鹏；

【导师】 邹积岩；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 粉煤灰是发电企业的主要副产品,其回收利用能够提高资源利用效率,降低对环境的污染,促进行业绿色环保发展。但是在实际应用过程中,中小型火电厂的粉煤灰接卸主要依赖人工与手动计量等传统模式,对工人身体健康造成巨大威胁,接卸过程中容易出现二次污染,同时易导致安全生产事故。将智能控制技术应用到粉煤灰接卸过程中,实现传统工业与人工智能技术的有机结合,保障人身安全与环境,具有重要工程应用价值。论文在分析了粉煤灰接卸的工作流程后,首先提出基于智能控制的自动卸灰工作流程,完成了电气控制系统与工艺流程设计,实现了对多灰库卸灰的集中控制。构建了基于PLC(Programmable Logic Controller,可编程逻辑控制器)灰库集中控制柜,并实现了单卸灰口卸灰的一键启动与自动作业。整个灰库卸灰系统的集中控制有效降低了作业时间,实现了流程升级。在此基础上,基于射频和网络通信技术,构建了粉煤灰接卸系统中车辆管理以及自动过磅与监控系统,实现粉煤灰生产、接卸、销售等流程的全自动监控。该系统能够有效提高粉煤灰的回收利用效率,能够有效避免运输车辆趁乱多拉、少计重等问题,实现对粉煤灰计量称重、车辆接卸、车辆行走轨迹监控等环节的监管与控制,提升整个产业链的运行效率。基于论文的设计,对某电厂的10个粉煤灰接卸口进行改造,全部实现远程集中控制,班组人员减少了50%,人工成本节省30万元/年。同时控制系统避免了卸灰人员、过磅人员与粉煤灰客户的直接接触,有效保证了规范、安全生产,提高运行效率。现场应用表明,发电厂粉煤灰接卸智能电气控制系统能够提升传统产业的运行效率,具有广泛的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fly ash is the main by-product of power generation enterprises.Its recovery and utilization can improve the efficiency of resource utilization,reduce the pollution to the environment,and promote the green and environmental protection development of the industry.However,in the practical application process,the fly ash receiving and unloading of small and medium-sized thermal power plants mainly rely on manual and manual metering and other traditional modes,which pose a great threat to workers’ health.Secondary pollution is likely to occur during the receiving and unloading process,and it is also likely to lead to safety accidents.The application of intelligent control technology in the fly ash handling process can realize the organic combination of traditional industry and artificial intelligence technology and guarantee personal safety and environment,which has important engineering application value.After analyzing the work flow of fly ash receiving and discharging,this paper first puts forward the work flow of automatic ash discharging based on intelligent control,completes the design of electrical control system and process flow,and realizes the centralized control of ash discharging in multi-ash storehouse.The centralized control cabinet of the ash warehouse based on PLC(Programmable Logic Controller)was built,and the one-button startup and automatic operation of the single ash discharging port was realized.The centralized control of the whole ash discharging system effectively reduces the operation time and realizes the process upgrade.On this basis,based on radio frequency and network communication technology,the vehicle management and automatic weighing and monitoring system in the fly ash receiving and unloading system are constructed to realize the automatic monitoring of fly ash production,receiving and unloading,sales and other processes.This system can effectively improve the recovery and utilization efficiency of fly ash,effectively avoid problems such as transportation vehicles taking advantage of the inconvenience of DORA and weight reduction,realize the supervision and control of fly ash weighing,vehicle pickup and unloading,vehicle walking track monitoring and other links,and improve the operation efficiency of the whole industry chain.Based on the design of this paper,10 fly ash terminals of a power plant were transformed to achieve remote centralized control,with a 50% reduction in team members and a 300,000 yuan saving in labor cost per year.At the same time,the control system avoids the direct contact between ash discharging personnel and weighing personnel and fly ash customers,which effectively ensures the standard,safe production and improves the operation efficiency.The field application shows that the intelligent electrical control system for fly ash handling and unloading in power plants can improve the operation efficiency of traditional industries and has a wide application prospect.更多还原