【作者】 唐旭；

【导师】 黄学贤；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 法律硕士（非法学）（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 日本《个人信息保护法》历经多次修改,新法案在2022年4月1日全面施行。该部法律紧扣大数据时代的需求,进行了个人信息保护法制体系的一体化探索。本文站在行政法的视野下,着眼于行政立法、行政保护措施、行政监管、行政救济的角度,分析日本政府在“控权”和“保民”和“行政效率”三个价值平衡间的探索。以近年来中央内阁推行的与个人信息紧密关联的“个人番号卡”在民众间受排斥等情形,清晰反应出日本政府在保有和处理个人信息领域,行政主导性差、行政效率低下的问题。另一方面,日本民众个人信息保护观念不均衡的问题不容忽视。通过对法律价值、政治生态、国民意识文化等多角度探寻原因,日本应首先明确个人信息自我决定权的法律价值支撑,并且有必要同步理顺国家和地方自治的关系,协调法令和地方条例的衔接,“义务本位”的个人信息保护法制体系有必要向“权利本位”的体系转化。为了加强行政部门间信息的沟通和共享,提高行政工作效率,在数据厅的领导协调下,中央政府牵头主导的嵌入个人信息保护理念的国家政务标准化信息建设也亟待加快脚步。以此伴随着高效能政府的推行与政府公信力的提升,在保有、处理个人信息的行政领域,民众与政府的良性互动能实现可持续的循环。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the era of big data,personal information represents a huge amount of interest.With the further implementation of e-government,it has become increasingly convenient for the government to collect,use,and retain personal information in its governmental activities,and as the volume of information has grown,the risk of leakage has also increased.Taking the opportunity of the implementation of Japan’s New Personal Information Protection Law,this paper analyzes the construction characteristics of Japan’s personal information protection system in response to the era of big data from the perspective of administrative law and administrative legislation,administrative protection measures,administrative supervision and administrative relief by comparing Japan’s new and old personal information protection systems.At the same time,based on the current personal information protection system in Japan,combined with the phenomenon that the implementation of the my number card in Japan has been blocked,the author will draw the view that the Japanese government has poor administrative dominance,administrative efficiency has been blocked,and the Japanese people have an unbalanced concept of personal information protection in some areas.The author will find out the causes of the problem from the perspective of legal value,national consciousness culture and history,and then explore the further direction to solve the problem.更多还原