【作者】 刘强；

【导师】 刘成良；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 地方政府与社会治理， 2023， 硕士

【副题名】基于制度-情境-角色的三维框架分析

【摘要】 现代化转型进程中,乡村治理的逻辑重心由群众自治向“治理有效”转移,在十九大之后尤为显著。作为有效治理的重要抓手,村干部职业化不论在理论界或实践中都愈加受到关注与讨论,但各地差异化的乡村社会场域塑造出不同的职业化逻辑与效果,使得相关研究也呈现出多样化的价值倾向,并围绕村干部职业化的含义、成因、特征、效果、合理性和发展方向等或多或少地进行讨论,然而从“要素论”或“条件论”出发,基于个案或一域的分析无法系统全面而有说服力地回答“村干部职业化何以可能?”,更难以回应乡村治理转型及国家政权建设的实践。因此,在案例上,本研究以较早出现职业化趋势且职业化程度较高的苏南农村为对象,有代表性地剖析本地村干部职业化的内在机理;在研究视角上,本研究以“场域论”为切入点,搭建“制度-情境-角色”框架系统全面分析促成村干部职业化的三重场域要素及相互关系;在研究立意上,通过挖掘苏南村干部高度职业化的奥秘,并结合当前普遍的职业化实践,讨论村干部职业化的利弊、限度和价值取向。研究发现,苏南地区村干部职业化根植于其特定的制度、情境、角色场域。制度表现为乡村权力网络和法律政策体系、情境表现为乡村社会转型和事务资源密集、角色表现为社会期望角色和自我认知角色,呈现职业化与苏南场域双向形塑态势,实现结构与规则互构、资源与事务契合、主体与位置匹配,以激活人事管理制度促成有效治理与民生服务的总体平衡,但也带来了行政主导自治、干群联系弱化的后果。因而,本研究认为苏南农村应当结合治理场域和内外部资源优化职业化村干部职责,加强干群联系,避免“责任超载”。同时,应当审慎对待当前全国普遍出现的村干部职业化实践,分地区、分场域推进不同程度的村干部职业化。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of modernization and transformation,the logical focus of rural governance has shifted from mass autonomy to "effective governance",especially after the 19th National Congress.As an important starting point for effective governance,the professionalization of village cadres has attracted more and more attention and discussion in both theoretical circles and practice,but the differentiated rural social fields in various places have shaped different professional logic and effects,so that relevant research also presents diversified value tendencies,and the meaning,causes,characteristics,effects,rationality and development direction of village cadres are more or less discussed,but starting from "factor theory" or "conditionality".Case-by-case or domain-based analysis cannot provide a systematic,comprehensive and convincing answer to the question,"How is it possible to professionalize village cadres?" It is more difficult to respond to the practice of rural governance transformation and state power construction.Therefore,in case studies,this study analyzes the internal mechanism of the professionalization of local village cadres by focusing on rural areas in southern Jiangsu,which had an earlier trend of professionalization and a high degree of professionalism.From the perspective of research,this study takes "field theory" as the starting point,builds a "system-situation-role" framework,and comprehensively analyzes the threefold field elements and interrelationships that promote the professionalization of village cadres.In terms of research concept,by excavating the mystery of the highly professional cadres in Sunan Village,and combining the current common professional practice,the pros,cons,limits and value orientation of the professionalization of village cadres were discussed.It is found that the professionalization of village cadres in southern Jiangsu is rooted in their specific systems,situations,and role fields.The system is manifested as the rural power network and legal policy system,the situation is manifested as the transformation of rural society and the intensive affairs resources,the role is manifested as the role of social expectation and self-awareness,showing the two-way shaping trend of professionalism and the field in southern Jiangsu,realizing the mutual construction of structure and rules,the fit of resources and affairs,and the matching of subject and position,so as to activate the personnel management system and promote the overall balance between effective governance and people’s livelihood services,but it also brings the consequences of administrative-led autonomy and weakening of the connection between cadres and the masses.Therefore,this study argues that rural areas in southern Jiangsu should optimize the responsibilities of professional village cadres by combining governance fields and internal and external resources,strengthen the connection between cadres and groups,and avoid "responsibility overload".At the same time,we should be cautious about the practice of professionalizing village cadres that is currently common throughout the country,promote the professionalization of village cadres to varying degrees in different regions and fields.更多还原