【作者】 王芳；

【导师】 李国慧；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 汉语国际教育， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 HSK4级书写部分相比HSK3级题量更大,对考生词语及语法使用要求更高。笔者作为一名在达累斯萨拉姆大学孔子学院实习的坦桑尼亚籍汉语教师,发现坦桑尼亚学生在HSK4级书写部分更容易失分。同时,学生也普遍表示相比听力和阅读部分,书写部分更难,成绩不理想。为此我们查阅了文献资料,发现目前还没有针对坦桑尼亚学生的相关研究。对此,本文对坦桑尼亚学生HSK4级书写部分的答题情况进行系统考察,力求发现教师教学和学生学习中的瓶颈问题,并提出解决建议。本文研究主要有五个内容。首先,我们对以往文献进行收集和分析,探讨本文研究的可行性和必要性,同时梳理2010年以来历年HSK4级考试真题,确定本文研究的HSK真题范畴;其次,我们以2018版真题为例,分析HSK4级书写部分的题型特点和考核内容,为下一步研究奠定基础;再次,我们选取2018年部分真题对坦桑尼亚学生进行测验,并对答题情况进行封闭式考察,总结坦桑尼亚学生在汉语知识方面存在的薄弱问题;另外,为了确保结论的可信度,我们还设计了有针对性的调查问卷,调查学生备考和教师教学情况,总结学生备考和教师教学存在的问题;最后,根据答题情况分析结果和问卷调查结果,为学生和教师提出解决对策。目前HSK4级是外国学生来中国留学读本科的最低要求,也是申请国际中文教师奖学金的必备条件,他们非常关注HSK4级成绩,希望本文的研究能为坦桑尼亚及其他非洲国家的汉语学习者解决考试中的瓶颈问题,也为汉语教师提供有针对性的教学对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compared to HSK level 3,the writing section of HSK level 4 has a larger volume of questions and higher requirements for candidates to use words and grammar.As a Tanzanian Chinese language teacher interning at the Confucius Institute at the University of Dar es Salaam,the author found that Tanzanian students are more likely to lose points in the HSK4 writing section.At the same time,students also generally stated that compared to the listening and reading parts,the writing part is more difficult and the performance is not ideal.Therefore,we have reviewed the literature and found that there is currently no relevant research targeting Tanzanian students.In response,this article conducts a systematic review of the HSK4 writing part of Tanzanian students,striving to identify bottlenecks in teacher teaching and student learning,and propose solutions.This study mainly includes five aspects.Firstly,we collected and analyzed previous literature to explore the feasibility and necessity of this study.At the same time,we sorted out the true HSK Level 4 exam questions over the years since 2010 to determine the scope of the HSK true questions studied in this article;Secondly,we take the 2018 version of the real question as an example to analyze the type characteristics and assessment content of the HSK level 4 writing section,laying a foundation for further research;Thirdly,we selected some real questions from 2018 to test Tanzanian students,and conducted a closed survey of the answers,summarizing the weaknesses of Tanzanian students in their knowledge of Chinese;In addition,in order to ensure the credibility of the conclusions,we have also designed targeted questionnaires to investigate the situation of students preparing for exams and teachers’ teaching,and summarize the problems existing in students preparing for exams and teachers’ teaching;Finally,based on the analysis of the answers and the results of the questionnaire survey,propose solutions for students and teachers.Currently,HSK4 is the minimum requirement for foreign students to study in China for undergraduate studies,and it is also a prerequisite for applying for scholarships for international Chinese language teachers.They are very concerned about HSK4 scores,and hope that the research in this article can help Chinese language learners in Tanzania and other African countries solve the bottleneck issues in exams,and also provide targeted teaching strategies for Chinese teachers.更多还原