【作者】 郑鑫；

【导师】 曾伟梁；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 学科教学（数学）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 普通高中数学课程标准(2020年修订版)提出数学课程的设计要充分考虑现阶段学生数学学习的特点,在呈现知识和锻炼技能的基础上,让学生认识到数学问题是从实际背景中抽象出来的,教师是学生的引导者、组织者和合作者,教师设计的教学活动要最大程度上调动学生数学学习的兴趣,引起学生对数学问题的认真思考与斟酌。导入是一节课的初始环节,一定程度上导入设计的成功与否会直接影响到一节课的好坏,要使学生在有限的40分钟之内最大程度地掌握知识点、激发他们的学习兴趣是重中之重。但是高中数学大多抽象冗杂,学生普遍提不起兴趣,这就要求教师在设计教学时要根据不同章节的侧重点采取灵活多样的导入方式。故本文以“高中数学课堂导入的现状调查及改进策略研究”为题进行研究,通过阅读大量相关文献了解国内外学者在这方面的研究现状,并结合自己的理解对相关文献进行评述。基于教育学和心理学方面的理论基础,以问卷调查、师生访谈等形式对海南省乐东县H中学的部分师生进行调查,以此来了解现阶段导入在高中数学课堂中的实施情况以及存在的不足,并分析其成因,最后提出改进策略。收集问卷分析数据后发现现阶段高中数学课堂导入存在着一些普遍问题:(1)存在重视导入形式而忽略质量的现象;(2)缺少课后反思;(3)导入语的设计需要改进;(4)导入的评价重视程度不够;(5)导入方法选择单一或不恰当。针对这些问题,发现以下原因:(1)教师对导入的重要性认识不够全面;(2)教师缺乏对导入理论的重视,反思意识不强;(3)教师自身导入能力不足;(4)导入的评价体系不够完善;(5)教师对教材内容,学生学情把握不准确。为了解决这些问题,本文提出了以下改进措施:(1)转变传统教学,积极利用教育资源;(2)课后反思,及时改进导入不足;(3)增强学习意识,提升导入能力;(4)融合多学科特点,尝试设计创新;(5)多角度探究多种导入形式,增强导入效果。在此基础上展示了应用改进策略后多种导入形式的具体案例。希望通过对高中数学课堂导入的研究能进一步深化数学课堂导入的理论基础,为一线教学提供参考,提升高中数学课堂导入环节的效率和质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The curriculum standards for ordinary high schools(revised in 2020)propose that the design of mathematics courses should fully consider the characteristics of current students’ mathematics learning.On the basis of presenting knowledge and exercising skills,students should realize that mathematical problems are abstracted from actual backgrounds,and teachers are the guides,organizers,and partners of students.The teaching activities designed by teachers should maximize students’ interest in mathematics learning,To arouse students’ serious thinking and deliberation on mathematical problems.Introduction is the initial stage of a class,and to some extent,the success of the design of the introduction directly affects the quality of the class.It is crucial for students to master the knowledge points to the maximum extent within the limited 40 minutes and stimulate their interest in learning.However,high school mathematics is often abstract and cumbersome,and students are generally not interested,This requires teachers to adopt flexible and diverse introduction methods based on the focus of different chapters when designing teaching.Therefore,this article focuses on the research topic of "Investigation on the Current Situation and Improvement Strategies of High School Mathematics Classroom Introduction".By reading a large amount of relevant literature,we understand the research status of domestic and foreign scholars in this field,and combine our own understanding to review the relevant literature.Based on theoretical foundations in education and psychology,a survey was conducted on some teachers and students of H Middle School in Ledong County,Hainan Province through questionnaires,interviews with teachers and students,in order to understand the current implementation and shortcomings of the introduction in high school mathematics classrooms,analyze its causes,and finally propose improvement strategies.After collecting questionnaire analysis data,it was found that there are some common problems in the current stage of high school mathematics classroom introduction:(1)There is a phenomenon of emphasizing the form of introduction while neglecting the quality.(2)Lack of post class reflection.(3)The design of the import language needs improvement.(4)Insufficient emphasis on imported evaluations.(5)The selection of import methods is single or inappropriate.In response to these issues,the following reasons have been found:(1)Teachers’ understanding of the importance of introduction is not comprehensive enough.(2)Teachers lack emphasis on introducing theories and have a weak sense of reflection.(3)The teacher’s own ability to introduce is insufficient.(4)The evaluation system introduced is not perfect enough.(5)The teacher’s inaccurate grasp of the content of the textbook and the students’ learning situation.To address these issues,this article proposes the following improvement measures:(1)Transforming traditional teaching and actively utilizing educational resources.(2)Reflect after class and promptly improve the insufficient introduction.(3)Enhance learning awareness and enhance introduction ability.(4)Integrating the characteristics of multiple disciplines and attempting design innovation.(5)Explore multiple import forms from multiple perspectives to enhance the import effect.On this basis,specific cases of various import forms after applying improvement strategies were presented.I hope that the research on the introduction of high school mathematics classroom can further deepen the theoretical foundation of mathematics classroom introduction,provide reference for frontline teaching,and improve the efficiency and quality of the introduction process in high school mathematics classroom.更多还原