【作者】 杨鑫；

【导师】 李琰君；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 设计学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 所有的房屋建筑从一开始就是民居。传统民居不仅具有建筑美的审美法则,而且是居民生产、生活的场所,除了实用功能外还具有鲜明的审美个性。民居建筑的产生源于人与自然的冲突,可以说民居建筑既是人类对自然的创造性改造,也是自然对人类的自然馈赠。因此,最初的民居只是满足人们基本生活起居的居住场所,只有其基本的实用功能意义,对于建筑之美并不会刻意去追求,发展到后来,居民们会在民居建筑结构和氛围的营造中不断揣摩和升华,在对建筑的实用性功能不断追求的同时,也会重新审视对民居建筑美的追求。本文在参与国家社会科学基金重点项目的基础上,从传统民居的研究和保护入手,对新疆地区具有典型的“定居”和“游牧”传统民居的建筑艺术进行了系统、全面的研究。首先,采用实地调查的方法,对新疆各地区的传统民居进行了考察,主要通过测量、绘图、拍照和现场采访记录等方法和手段收集第一手资料。其次,在前期文字资料搜集及实地测绘调研所获资料的基础上深入分析研究了新疆地区传统民居建筑艺术。主要按照居住形式将其分为“定居民居”与“游牧民居”,分别总结了儿种主要的建筑类型并进行研究,同时又做了具体的实体案例分析。再次,在前文研究的基础上对整个新疆地区的民居建筑进行艺术特征归纳,主要从空间、造型、装饰、色彩四个方面进行了论证。最后,对该地区传统民居的保护和发展进行了分析,总结了新疆民居对现代人居和环境发展的作用和启示,为新疆传统民居发展与保护提供基础资料,也为后续对新疆地区传统民居建筑艺术方面的研究提供一些参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 All housing constructions are dwellings from the very beginning.Traditional dwellings not only have the aesthetic rules of architectural beauty,but also are places for residents to produce and live.In addition to their practical functions,they also have distinct aesthetic characteristics.The generation of residential buildings stems from the conflict between man and nature.It can be said that residential buildings are not only the creative transformation of human beings to nature,but also the natural gift of nature to human beings.Therefore,the original dwellings were only places for people’s basic living and living,with only their basic practical and functional significance.They did not deliberately pursue the beauty of buildings.Later,residents would continue to build the structure and atmosphere of the dwellings.Speculation and sublimation,while constantly pursuing the practical functions of buildings,will also re-examine the pursuit of the beauty of residential buildings.On the basis of participating in the key projects of the National Social Science Fund,starting from the research and protection of traditional dwellings,this paper conducts a systematic and comprehensive study on the architectural art of typical"settled" and "nomadic" traditional dwellings in Xinjiang.First,using the method of field investigation,the traditional dwellings in various regions of Xinjiang were inspected,and the first-hand information was collected mainly through methods and means such as measurement,drawing,photography,and on-site interview records.Secondly,on the basis of the previous collection of written data and the data obtained from field surveying and mapping,the paper deeply analyzes and studies the traditional residential architectural art in Xinjiang.It is mainly divided into "settled dwellings" and "nomadic dwellings" according to the form of residence,summarizing several main building types and conducting researches,and at the same time doing specific entity case analysis.Thirdly,on the basis of the previous research,the author summarizes the artistic characteristics of the residential buildings in the whole Xinjiang region,mainly from the four aspects of space,shape,decoration and color.Finally,it analyzes the protection and development of traditional dwellings in the region,summarizes the role and enlightenment of Xinjiang dwellings on the development of modern human settlements and the environment,provides basic data for the development and protection of traditional dwellings in Xinjiang,and also provides information for the follow-up to traditional dwellings in Xinjiang.The research on architectural art provides some references and references.更多还原