【作者】 赵亮；

【导师】 李明媚；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 社会语言学成立于20世纪60年代,是语言学与其他社会科学交叉的边缘学科。它运用语言学和社会学的理论和方法,从不同的社会科学角度研究语言的社会性及其差异。本文主要研究了语音共同体的语言变体、每种变体的功能、每种变体的使用者及其特点。社会语言学是语言科学的一个分支,是语言学的重要组成部分。它强调语言的社会属性,注重语言结构、语言使用与社会之间的互动和建设性关系。社会语言学家将语言置于特定的社会语境中进行解释和意义的解释。话轮转换是语用学中一个非常重要的会话分析概念,具有非常大的功能,其中的会话策略能够尽显小说中会话人物的性格和相互之间的权势关系及地位。有很多的学者认为会话至少应该由单词、短语,从句或者是一个长句来构成一句话的信息交流功能。某个人物的话轮长度指的是一个人在某一段文章中所说的话的总和。话轮长度可以凸显出每个人在对话中的参与度。考察各个人物的话轮长度,可看出在对话中人物之间存在怎样的权势关系。话轮转换,指会话中说话人和听话人角色的不断相互变换。如说话人可以通过某种方式明确选择下一个说话人,还可以自动放弃话轮,让听话人一方或多方通过自选方式取得话轮,实现话轮转换。听话人也常常表现出实现话轮转换的主动性,伺机自选,取得话轮,使会话能够顺利进行。通过对社会语言学中的话论转换的描述,可以了解到从社会语言学的多角度例如阶级、政治、媒介、性别、年龄、种族、思维分析话论转换,可以更好地阐述其中的理论与现实意义。对这种话轮的研究,首先将有助于我们全面而深刻地了解对话的发生和进行机制,更加透彻地分析语言的社会功能;其次是有助于我们更好更合理地理解文本、文献,特别是小说语言,更加直观地深入分析小说人物的内心世界;最后,有助于我们对社会群体和个体的深刻研究,更为准确地把握语言的时代性和人们语言使用特点演变的心理历程。社会语言学和话轮借用在人们的日常生活中很常见,不仅在语言中,而且在人们的思维方式和行为方式中也很常见。恰好《饥饿游戏》本身就包含了大量的对话和社会语言现象。《饥饿游戏》出自作家苏珊柯林斯2010年出版的小说中,在出版以后大受追捧。在此背景下,它可以与社会语言学理论相结合。社会语言学将探讨以下两个领域:第一,社会生活的变化会引起语言的变化,包括社会语境的变化对语言要素的影响。第二,从语言的变化中探索社会的变化。在第一个领域,社会是第一。只有社会变了,语言才会变。在第二个领域中,社会仍然是首要的,但不存在语言相对主义者所认为的任何语言模式都可以产生的社会模式或社会文化。首先,本论文介绍了社会语言学的相关理论与研究现状。其次,阐述了对话论理论相关的调查研究,然后又通过对社会语言学的多角度分析来佐证社会语言学的理论。最后,对《饥饿游戏》通过相应的社会语言学理论结合具体例子,来说明社会语言学对社会的实际意义。与此同时也回答了在研究方法中所提到的问题:社会语言学理论是怎样传递积极意义的?在社会语言学理论和话轮理论中,它们是怎样解释社会意义的?话轮理论是怎样表达人际关系意义的?结合小说文本,通过定性分析法对《饥饿游戏》中所体现的现象和社会语言学理论进行探讨,以使读者更好地感受到作者想要表达的主题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sociolinguistics,which was established in the 1960s,is a fringe subject where linguistics and other social sciences intersect.It uses the theories and methods of linguistics and sociology to study the social nature and differences of language from different social science perspectives.This paper mainly studies the linguistic variants of speech community,the functions of each variant,the users of each variant and their characteristics.Sociolinguistics is a branch of language science and an integral part of linguistics.It emphasizes the social attributes of language,and pays attention to the interaction and constructive relationship between language structure,language use and society.Sociolinguists put language in a specific social context for interpretation and interpretation of meaning.Turn is a very important concept of conversation analysis in pragmatics,which has a great function.Conversation strategies can fully show the characters and their power relations and positions in the novel.Many scholars believe that conversation should at least consist of words,phrases,clauses or a long sentence to form the information exchange function of a sentence.The turn length of a character refers to the sum of the words a person said in a paragraph.Turn length can highlight everyone’s participation in the conversation.By examining the turn length of each character,we can see what kind of power relationship exists between the characters in the dialogue.Turn refers to the continuous transformation of the roles of the speaker and the hearer in conversation.It also refers to have the rights to speak one by one.For example,the speaker can definitely select the next speaker in a certain way,and can also automatically give up the turn,so that one or more listeners can obtain the turn through the optional way to achieve turn conversion.The hearer also often shows the initiative to realize turn taking,waiting for the opportunity to choose and obtain turn taking,so that the conversation can proceed smoothly.Through the description of discourse theory transformation in sociolinguistics,we can understand that discourse theory transformation can be analyzed from multiple perspectives of sociolinguistics,such as class,politics,media,gender,age,race,and thinking,which can better explain its theoretical and practical significance.The study of this turn will,first of all,help us to have a comprehensive and profound understanding of the mechanism of the occurrence and conduct of dialogue,and a more thorough analysis of the social functions of language;Secondly,it is helpful for us to better and more reasonably understand the text and literature,especially the novel language,and more intuitively and deeply analyze the inner world of the characters in the novel;finally,it will help us to deeply study social groups and individuals,and more accurately grasp the times of language and the psychological process of the evolution of people’s language use characteristics.Sociolinguistics and turn takings are common in people’s daily life,not only in language,but also in people’s way of thinking and behavior.It happens that Hunger Games itself contains a lot of dialogue and sociolinguistic phenomena.Hunger Games,a novel published by Suzanne Collins in 2010,has been popular since its publication.In this context,it can be combined with sociolinguistic theories.Sociolinguistics will explore the following two areas:First,explore changes in social life because it will cause changes in language.Second,explore the changes of society from the changes of language.In the first field,society is the first.Only when society changes can language change.In the second field,society is still primary,but there is no social model or social culture that can be produced by any language model,as language relativists believe.First of all,this paper introduces the relevant theories and research status of sociolinguistics.Secondly,it expounds the investigation and research related to the theory of dialogue,and then proves the theory of sociolinguistics through the multi-angle analysis of sociolinguistics.Finally,through the corresponding sociolinguistic theories and concrete examples,the author illustrates the practical significance of sociolinguistics to society in Hunger Games.This thesis is based on the sociolinguistics theory and it attempts to answer the following questions:(1)How to use sociolinguistic theory to convey positive meaning?(2)How to convey sociolinguistic theory to demonstrate and explain the social meaning in the thesis?(3)How does the turn theory expresses the interpersonal meaning?Combining with the novel text,this paper discusses the turning phenomenon and sociolinguistic theory embodied in Hunger Games through qualitative analysis,which means to analyze the thesis through the theoretical concepts and methods,so that readers can better feel the theme that the author wants to express.更多还原