【作者】 王震；

【导师】 刘丹冰；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 经济法学（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着互联网经济的迅猛发展,企业间的激烈竞争以合并等方式表现出来。互联网行业经营者集中对市场可能带来的消极影响决定,我们不能忽视十分突出的经营者不履行申报义务违法实施集中的问题。互联网行业所具有的虚拟性、双边市场、用户锁定、网络效应等特殊性决定,当该行业经营者达到法定申报要求而未履行义务违法集中时,可能会占据大量用户数据和创新技术,容易形成垄断。这不仅会抑制其他竞争者进入市场、降低行业创新活力,也会导致企业和用户合法权益受损。因此,为避免互联网经营者应报未报的违法集中行为,给相关市场的竞争格局和行业的发展前景带来消极影响,我国反垄断执法工作对此行为的监管和规制逐步趋严。只是2020年至2021年,就有上百个互联网经营者集中案件是因未履行申报义务而被处罚。文中运用案例研究方式,对互联网行业经营者集中未申报行政处罚作深入探究。文中选取78份互联网行业经营者集中达标未报的行政处罚决定书,借此归纳出互联网经营者集中的类型、交易类型、反垄断执法机关对互联网经营者集中竞争效果的评估和具体处罚措施等特性,又结合我国现行法律法规和相关的理论研究成果展开了分析。不难发现互联网经营者集中在申报、审查和行政处罚方面所突出的问题:一是互联网经营者集中无法适用单一营业额申报标准而执法机关的主动审查权又难以发挥补充作用;二是执法机关审查涉及协议控制模式的互联网经营者集中行为时存在困境,并且评估本行业经营者集中行为的竞争效果时缺乏对非量化因素的考虑;三是反垄断执法机关采用的行政处罚措施单一且威慑力不足,未能有效发挥惩罚和教育作用。针对上述问题,可通过建立灵活可调的动态申报标准;促进互联网企业主动申报和执法机关主动审查有效结合;提高反垄断执法机关对市场份额以外其他非量化因素的关注度等措施来进行完善或解决。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of Internet economy,the fierce competition among enterprises is manifested in the way of merger and so on.The concentration of operators in the Internet industry may bring negative impact on the market decision,we can not ignore the very prominent operators do not fulfill the declaration obligation illegal implementation of the concentration problem.Due to the particularity of the Internet industry,such as virtuality,lock-in effect,network effect and bilateral market,when the operators of the industry meet the statutory declaration requirements but fail to fulfill their obligations and are concentrated in violation of the law,they may occupy a large amount of user data and innovative technology and easily form a monopoly.This will not only inhibit other competitors from entering the market,reduce the innovation vitality of the industry,but also lead to damage to the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and users.Therefore,in order to avoid the illegal concentration behavior of Internet operators,which should be reported or not reported,and bring negative impact on the competition pattern of the relevant market and the development prospect of the industry,the supervision and regulation of anti-monopoly law enforcement work in China is gradually becoming stricter.From 2020 to 2021 alone,hundreds of Internet operators were punished for failing to report.In this paper,the case study of the Internet industry operators concentration did not declare administrative penalties for in-depth research.In this paper,we choose 78 Internet industry concentration undeclared administrative penalty,to sort out the Internet concentration type,transaction type,the anti-monopoly enforcement authority competition on the Internet concentration effect evaluation and punishment measures such as features,and combining with the current laws and regulations and the relevant theoretical research results for analysis.It is not difficult to find the outstanding problems in the concentration of Internet operators in declaration,examination and administrative punishment: first,the concentration of Internet operators cannot apply the single turnover declaration standard and the active examination power of law enforcement agencies is difficult to play a supplementary role;Second,law enforcement agencies have difficulties in reviewing the centralized behavior of Internet operators involved in the protocol control mode,and lack of consideration of non-quantitative factors when evaluating the competitive effect of the centralized behavior of Internet operators in the industry;Third,the administrative penalty measures adopted by anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies are single and lack of deterrence,failing to effectively play the role of punishment and education.To solve these problems,flexible and adjustable dynamic declaration standards can be established.Promote the effective combination of Internet companies’ active declaration and law enforcement agencies’ active examination;Improve the attention of anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to other non-quantitative factors other than market share measures to improve or solve.更多还原