【作者】 吴超；

【导师】 刘练军；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 法律（非法学）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 在监察留置实践中,由特定的看护人员看护被留置人成为惯例。这种惯常做法也得到国家监委的肯定。但是,由于相关法律法规没有对此做出明确规定,监察留置看护的合法性值得讨论。规范的缺乏不仅造成各地的看护实践操作不统一,还导致看护人员帮助被留置人向外传递信息的刑事案件频发,这使得留置看护的合法性与规范性更加值得学界关注。本文对22份看护人员违法犯罪的判决书进行分析,发现涉案看护人员年龄较轻、学历较低、来源复杂。本文结合22份判决书中监察留置看护实践,进一步发现立法、执行、监督层面的缺陷是监察留置看护乱象的原因。首先,立法缺失是根本。监察留置看护的实施主体、职权范围和实施程序,都缺乏明确的法律规定,由此造成看护活动失范。其次,执行缺陷是关键。负责执行的留置看护人员法律意识淡薄,看护队伍的组织和管理缺乏体制性的规范,再加上看护工作保障不完善,导致监察留置看护的执行环节存在极大隐患。最后,监督缺失是硬伤。监察留置看护缺乏信息公开透明的条件,监督的各个要素都不明确,由此带来违法,甚至催生新的腐败。以上是监察留置看护乱象的原因,同时也是监察留置看护面临的困境。监察留置看护的规范化进程必须对之予以回应。监察留置看护涉及公权力的规范运行和被留置人基本权利的保障,理应得到重视,并对之予以全方位的完善。完善路径应从以下几个方面考虑:第一,从宪法、监察法出发,确认监察留置看护的法律地位,解决监察留置看护的合法性问题。第二,在立法层面,通过监察解释,制定细则规范性文件,完善制度,使看护责任得以明确,使监察留置看护有法“好”依。第三,在执行层面,通过完善监察留置看护人员法律素养教育、队伍建设、工作保障的制度安排,消除或弱化留置看护中的危险。第四,在监督层面,通过事前、事中、事后的全程监督,可以解决监察留置看护缺乏监督机制的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the practice of supervision detention,it has become a common practice for caregivers to nurse the detainees.This usual practice has been affirmed by the National Supervisory Committee.However,due to the lack of clear provisions in relevant laws and regulations,the legality of supervision detention care is worth discussing.The lack of norms not only causes inconsistent practices of care in different regions,but also leads to frequent criminal cases where carer help detainees to transmit information outwards,which makes the legality and standardization of detention care more wothy of academic attention.This paper analyses 22 cases of illegal and criminal judgements of cavegivers,and finds that the cavegivers involved are younger,less lectured and come from different departments.Based on the practice of supervision detention care in 22 judgments,this paper futher finds that,defects in the legislation,law enforcement and supervision are the reasons for the chaos in the supervision detention care.First,the lack of legislation is the fundamental reason.The subject,scope of authority and implementation procedures of supeivison detention care lack clear legal provisions,resulting in the anomie of nursing activities.Second,defects in execution is the key.Due to the weak legal awareness of the caregivers,the lack of institutional norms in the organization and management of the care team,and the imperfect protection of nursing work,lead to the implementation of supervision detention care becoming a great hidden danger to detention measure.Finally,the lack of supervision is a hard flaw.Supervision detention nursing lacks the conditions for information disclosure,the elements of monitoring are unclear,leading to violations of the law and even new corruption.The above are the reasons for the chaos of the supervision detention care,also the difficulties the supervision detention care is facing.The standardization process of the supervision detention care must respond to it.Supervision detention care involves the standardized operation of public power and the protection of the basic rights of the detainees,so it should be taken seriously and comprehensively improved.Perfection should start with the following aspects.First,from the view of constitution and supervision law,confirm the legal status of supervision detention care and solve the legitimacy of supeivision detention care.Second,at the legislative level,explain the Supervision Law,formulate rules and normative documents,improve the legal system,so that the responsibility of care can be defined,and the problem of "lawfulness" can be solved.Third,in the implementation level,eliminate or weaken the risk factors,in supervision detention care,by improving the insititutional arragement about the caregivers personnel legal literacy education,team building and work security system.Fourth,at the supervisory level,the state of lacking supervision mechanism can be mended through supervision before,during and after the event.更多还原