【作者】 孙强；

【导师】 温洋；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 美术学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 公共艺术是公共性与艺术性的综合体现,公共性是公共艺术的重要核心特征。如今,公众对网络媒介的使用逐渐日常化与生活化,网络媒介所构筑的公共性也愈发明显。同时,交互是网络媒介的重要特征,也是公共艺术的重要元素,二者具有较高的契合度。在后疫情时代,因疫情的影响,人们在现实空间中的公共行为频次与意愿不得不被迫降低,基于公共性和交互性的公共艺术也受到了一定的影响。这时,网络就成为了公共艺术的一种空间转向和机遇。因此,本文将公共艺术拓展至网络空间进行探讨与研究。网络与现实不同,网络媒介营造的网络空间具有一定的独特性,比如匿名、不可见、不同步、碎片化、虚拟化等。并且,在网络媒介的影响下,网络空间中产生了网络去抑制效应,降低了现实空间中的规则、制度等对公众公共行为的抑制作用,使公众在网络空间中产生了独特的交互心理,并引发了独特的交互行为,公众的交互频次与意愿增强,并且倾向于以个人情感为基准、以娱乐化的视角来进行交互行为。在这种特殊的媒介、交互心理、交互行为的影响下,网络公共艺术的公共性、艺术表现形式、艺术特征、交互行为方式、特征与作用等都会受到一定的影响,值得探索和研究。其中,公共性受媒介的影响,公众主体为网民、公共空间成为了一种虚拟化的精神文化交互空间、交互会受网络去抑制效应的影响、网络传播媒介在快速迭代发展。基于此综合构建出基于网络媒介的公共性,具有一定的特殊性并且能够作为公共艺术的有效承载,使公共艺术满足后现代的艺术发展潮流和网络空间中网民的精神、文化与审美需求。基于网络媒介的艺术经历了近半个世纪的发展,在网络媒介的影响下,逐渐衍生出五种网络公共艺术表现方式:网络共享型、虚拟引导型、感官交互型、程序研发型与网络结合现实型。同时,受媒介特征与网络去抑制效应的影响,网络公共艺术具有以下五个特征:表现方式交错复杂、时间与空间异步、设计由预演到触发、交互由基于现象到基于结构、评价体系由对等逐渐泛化。在网络公共艺术演变的过程中,网络去抑制效应产生了重要的作用,使基于网络媒介的公共艺术交互形成了一种去抑制交互方式,并且具有异步性、交互意愿与频次增强、泛化、泛娱乐化与泛私人化等特征。这种去抑制的交互方式是一把“双刃剑”,既有现代传播媒介带来的泛娱乐化问题,也会产生一些独特的作用。文中引用尼尔·波兹曼与哈贝马斯的观点,从媒介与公共领域两个视角阐述了网络公共艺术的去抑制交互方式会使近现代的传播媒介与公共领域转型造成的负面影响逐渐减弱。网络媒介具有快速迭代发展的历史演进方式,基于互联网功能的研发会给网络公共艺术带来新的发展方向。区块链、NFT艺术、元宇宙等在未来都会为网络公共艺术添加新的表现形式、交互形式和独特作用。基于网络媒介的公共艺术探索将会随着网络媒介的快速迭代而不断进行下去。更多还原

【Abstract】 Public art is the comprehensive embodiment of publicity and artistry,publicity is an important core feature of public art.Nowadays,the public’s use of network media is gradually becoming routine and life oriented,and the publicity built by network media is becoming more and more obvious.At the same time,interaction is an important feature of network media and an important element of public art,and the two have a high degree of compatibility.In the post-epidemic era,the frequency and willingness of people’s public behaviors in the real space have been reduced due to the impact of the epidemic,and public art based on publicity and interaction has also been affected to a certain extent.At this time,the Internet has become a kind of space turn and opportunity of public art.Therefore,this paper expands public art to the network space for discussion and research.Network is different from reality.The network space created by network media has certain uniqueness,such as anonymity,invisibility,asynchronism,fragmentation and virtualization.And,under the influence of network media,the network generated in the space network disinhibition effect,reduces the rules in real space and system to the public the inhibitory effect of public behavior,make the public in cyberspace produces a unique interactive psychological,and triggered a unique interactive behavior,the public interaction frequency and the willingness to strengthen,And they tend to interact with each other from the perspective of entertainment based on personal emotion.Under the influence of such special media,interactive psychology and interactive behavior,the publicity,artistic expression form,artistic characteristics,interactive behavior mode,characteristics and effects of network public art will be affected to a certain extent,which is worth exploring and studying.Among them,publicity is influenced by media,the public subject is netizens,public space has become a virtual spiritual and cultural interaction space,interaction will be affected by network disinhibition effect,and network communication media is developing rapidly and iteratively.Based on this,the publicity based on network media is comprehensively constructed,which has certain particularity and can be used as an effective bearer of public art,so that public art can meet the trend of post-modern art development and the spiritual,cultural and aesthetic needs of netizens in the network space.Art based on network media has experienced nearly half a century of development,under the influence of network media,gradually derived five kinds of network public art expression:network sharing type,virtual guidance type,sensory interaction type,program development type and network combined with reality type.At the same time,under the influence of media characteristics and network disinhibition effect,network public art has the following five characteristics: staggered and complex expression,asynchronous time and space,design from rehearsal to trigger,interaction from phenomenon-based to structure-based,and evaluation system from equivalence to generalization.In the process of the evolution of network public art,network disinhibition effect plays an important role,making the public art interaction based on network media form a kind of disinhibition interaction mode,and has the characteristics of asynchronism,interaction intention and frequency enhancement,generalization,pan-entertainment and pan-personal.This kind of disinhibited interaction is a "double-edged sword",which has both the pan-entertainment problems brought by modern media and some unique effects.Citing the viewpoints of Neil Postman and Habermas,this paper expounds that the disinhibition interaction of online public art from the perspectives of media and public domain will gradually reduce the negative impact caused by the transformation of modern media and public domain.Network media has a historical evolution mode of rapid iterative development.Research and development based on Internet functions will bring new development direction to network public art.Blockchain,NFT art and meta-universe will add new forms of expression,interactive forms and unique functions to online public art in the future.The exploration of public art based on network media will continue with the rapid iteration of network media.更多还原