【作者】 李彦；

【导师】 罗亚辉； 刘若桥；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 2019年我国果园种植面积共计1.8415亿亩,湖南省水果种植面积达800余万亩,产值600多亿元。水果种植面积的不断增加,以及我国农村劳动力大量向城市转移,使我国的水果种植产业面临着巨大的挑战。据相关调查显示,目前我国大部分果园处于无人管理的状态,从而造成了我国水果单产不高、品质相对较差等诸多问题的存在。本文通过对我省果园机械的作业条件和农艺要求进行调研,研发了一款通过遥控控制的全液压履带底盘,该底盘可携带旋耕起垄和立式除草机具,立式旋耕作业机具具有仿形避障的功能,能在旋耕除草作业时自动避让果树等障碍物。本文根据果园作业要求及特点对全液压旋耕机进行了底盘结构设计、三维建模、力学特性分析和有限元分析、液压和电控系统设计,并对研制的遥控全液压旋耕作业机来研究在果园中,车辆行驶速度与机具的旋转速度的最佳匹配。(1)分析国内外果园旋耕作业机的发展状况以及相关企业旋耕机的最新研究成果,结合国内外果园旋耕机的基本情况以及旋耕机的相关数据的标准,依据现有果园旋耕机存在问题和相关技术要求,确定了本文的研究内容与技术路线。(2)依据果园旋耕机的功能要求以及我国果园的农艺要求,确定总体设计方案和性能参数要求,开展了该果园遥控旋耕机的结构设计、液压元器件的参数计算和选型,建立了该果园旋耕机的三维结构模型。(3)针对果园旋耕机开展理论分析,对整机的底盘和关键部位零件进行动力学分析,计算基本结构参数,开展强度校核,并对整个液压系统进行选型分析,以满足果园旋耕机的行驶要求。(4)采用Solidworks2017的Simulation模块对底盘和关键零部件进行静态力学分析及静态有限元分析,根据各部件所受应变、应力及位移进行参数校核,优化零件结构。(5)针对遥控全液压旋耕机样机进行性能试验。验证了样机牵引性、通过性、旋耕深度等性能符合设计要求,确定底盘前进速度与机具旋转速度的最优组合。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2019,China’s orchard planting area totaled 184.15 million mu,and Hunan Province’s fruit planting area reached more than 8 million mu,with an output value of more than 60 billion yuan.With the continuous increase of fruit planting area and the transfer of rural labor force to cities,China’s fruit planting industry is facing great challenges.According to the relevant investigation,most of China’s orchards are in the state of unmanned management,resulting in China’s fruit yield per unit area is not high,relatively poor quality and many other problems.This article through to operational conditions and agronomic requirements of orchard in our province machinery research,developed a remote control of hydraulic crawler chassis,the chassis can carry rotary tillage ridging and vertical mowing machine,vertical rotary tillage operation equipments has the function of copying obstacle avoidance in the rotary tillage weeding work is automatically avoid the obstacles such as trees.This article according to the requirements and characteristics of the orchard on the hydraulic rotary cultivator chassis structure design,3 d modeling,mechanical characteristics analysis and finite element analysis,hydraulic and electric control system design,and the development of remote control hydraulic rotary rig to study in the orchard,vehicle speed and the rotation of the machine the best match.(1)analysis of the development of orchard rotary rig at home and abroad the latest research results of rotary cultivator and related enterprises,combined with the basic situation of orchard rotary cultivator at home and abroad and the related data of rotary cultivator standards,based on existing problems and related technical requirements for orchard rotary cultivator,and determine the research contents and technical route of this article.(2)According to the functional requirements of the orchard rotary tiller and the agronomic requirements of China’s orchard,determine the overall design scheme and performance parameter requirements,carry out the structure design of the orchard remote rotary tiller,hydraulic components of the parameter calculation and selection,establish the three-dimensional structure model of the orchard rotary tiller.(3)Carry out theoretical analysis for the orchard rototiller,conduct dynamic analysis on the chassis and key parts of the whole machine,calculate the basic structural parameters,carry out strength check,and analyze the selection of the entire hydraulic system to meet the driving requirements of the orchard rototiller.(4)The Simulation module of Solid Works2017 is used to carry out static mechanical analysis and static finite element analysis on the chassis and key parts.According to the strain,stress and displacement of each part,parameters are checked to optimize the part structure.(5)Performance test for remote control full hydraulic rotary tiller prototype.The tractability,passability and rotary tillage depth of the prototype were verified to meet the design requirements,and the optimal combination of chassis forward speed and machine rotation speed was determined.更多还原