【作者】 张昕；

【导师】 王学军；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【副题名】以陇南市x县z镇为例

【摘要】 中共中央、国务院印发的《乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022年)》提出了“把打好精准脱贫攻坚战作为实施乡村振兴战略的优先任务,推动脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有机结合相互促进”的新要求。因此,总结精准扶贫政策执行中的相关经验并用以指导乡村振兴工作,具有十分重要的意义。精准扶贫专项贷款政策是甘肃省人民政府为了破解建档立卡贫困群众在产业发展促脱贫中“贷款难、贷款贵”的问题,于2015年联合省扶贫办、省财政厅和相关承贷机构联合推出的金融政策,旨在为全省有资金需求的贫困群众提供为期三年,金额为3-5万元的贴息贷款。政策实施六年来,在一定程度上促进了建档立卡贫困群众的产业发展,但在政策执行过程中,却也出现了诸如资金用于非生产性支出、产业选择不精准、贷款效益发挥不够等问题,虽然后期通过“一户一策”产业对接解决了一部分存在的突出问题,实现了资金“放得出、收得回”的目标,但通过分析政策、实地走访和进行访谈发现,该项长达六年的政策并没有完全达成发展产业促增收的长期目标,也就说,该项政策虽然轰轰烈烈地实施了,但其本质上是模糊执行的。为了更深层次地探讨模糊执行的成因,找到解决对策,本文通过文献分析、访谈和观察的方式对x县z镇政策执行过程进行调查研究,结合米特-霍恩政策执行模型和史密斯政策执行模型,分别从政策目标和标准、政策资源、组织间的沟通执行、执行主体、目标群体和政治、经济和社会环境六个维度进行了分析。根据分析结果,该政策的实施对于破解贫困群众贷款难题有着非常积极的作用,但在政策落地时,刚性的政策目标同注意力难以分配的执行主体之间、富民产业的发展同贫瘠的自然条件之间、有限的政策资源配置同组织间沟通执行活动之间还存在着一些矛盾。针对以上问题,本文从优化制度设计、破解政策实施“僵化”问题,转变发展观念、构建多元参与的乡村发展新格局,畅通沟通渠道、实现政策资源的合理配置等方面提出了对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The "Strategic Plan for Rural Revitalization(2018-2022)" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council puts forward the new requirement of "taking a targeted poverty alleviation as a priority task in implementing the rural revitalization strategy,and promoting the organic integration of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization." Therefore,it is essential to summarize the relevant experience in implementing the targeted poverty alleviation policy and use it to guide rural revitalization.The particular loan policy for targeted poverty alleviation is the People’s Government of Gansu Province to solve the problem of "difficult and expensive to get a loan" in the process of industrial development and poverty alleviation for the poor people who have established documents and registered cards.The joint financial policy aims to provide three years of discounted loans of 30,000 to 50,000 yuan for the province’s poor people in need of funds.In the six years since the implementation of the policy,it has to a certain extent,promoted the industrial development of the poor people who filed for registration.However,during the implementation of the policy,there have been problems such as the use of funds for non-productive expenditures,inaccurate industry selection,and insufficient loan benefits.Although the "one household,one policy" industry connection has solved some of the outstanding problems in the later stage and achieved the goal of "releasing and recovering funds," it was discovered through policy analysis,on-site visits,and interviews.The six-year policy has not achieved the long-term goal of developing industries to increase revenue.In other words,although the policy has been implemented vigorously,its implementation is essentially vague.In order to explore the causes of fuzzy implementation on a deeper level and find solutions,this article investigates and studies the policy implementation process of z Town,x County through literature analysis,interviews,and observations,combined with the Mitte-Horn policy implementation model and The Smith Policy-Implementing-Process Framework.The execution model is analyzed from the six dimensions of policy goals and standards,policy resources,communication and execution between organizations,execution subjects,target groups,and political,economic,and social environments.According to the analysis results,the implementation of this policy has a very positive effect on solving the problem of poor people’s loans.However,the rigid policy objectives are between the implementation subjects whose attention is difficult to allocate when the policy is implemented.The development of the rich people’s industries is the same as the barren natural conditions.There are still some contradictions between the limited allocation of policy resources and the communication and implementation activities between organizations.In response to the above problems,this article proposes countermeasures in terms of optimizing system design,solving the "rigid" problem of policy implementation,changing development concepts,building a new pattern of diversified participation in rural development,smoothing communication channels,and realizing reasonable allocation of policy resources.更多还原