【作者】 刘畅；

【导师】 王海宁；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 设计学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 耳机产品佩戴舒适性与人耳形态具有密切关联,耳机产品造型尺寸设计依赖于外耳相关尺寸数据支持。由于耳部区域形态复杂、耳道数据采集困难以及耳部特征较少等因素导致现存中国人耳数据在精度和代表性上无法满足耳机产品适配设计需求。目前中国消费类耳机设计尺寸主要依赖于设计师个人经验、陈旧的国家标准或西方人体数据。因此,本研究旨在获取高精度中国人耳特征尺寸,挖掘中国人耳数据信息差异规律,有效推动中国“人耳—耳机”适配设计发展。本研究使用高精度入耳式扫描仪和激光三维扫描仪相结合的方式开展外耳数据采集,选取中国7大人口区划的代表性城市,采集了1190份样本双耳三维模型。根据相关测量学、权威学术期刊论文的研究成果和耳机产品设计知识,对重建后的外耳模型完成37个外耳特征点标记及46个外耳特征尺寸测量。本研究依据左右耳、性别、年龄等维度对46个测量项目进行数据统计和差异分析。根据结果可知:1.在左右耳差异分析中,男性右耳23个尺寸和女性右耳22个尺寸特征大于左耳,左右耳尺寸存在显著差异(p<0.05)。2.在性别维度比较下,全部36个非角度测量项目(距离和周长)男性尺寸均值和百分位数都大于女性,男女外耳尺寸存在显著差异(p<0.05)。3.通过比较年龄组间外耳尺寸均值发现,共15个特征尺寸随年龄递增,3个特征尺寸随年龄递减,各年龄组间存在显著差异(p<0.05)。4.本研究还与其他外耳测量研究进行了人种之间的对比分析,发现耳廓区域长度尺寸特征亚洲人(中国人和韩国人)大于高加索人,不同人种外耳之间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。本研究所采用的入耳扫描技术是外耳数据采集方式的重要革新,并基于ICP算法进行耳道与耳廓区域配准对齐,获得外耳全区域的中国三维人耳测量数据,有效推动了中国外耳测量学研究进程。大样本外耳数据在年龄、性别等维度下的分析结论,对面向中国群体的耳机产品尺寸适配参考具有指导意义。本研究在不同人种间外耳尺寸分析结论,对开展耳机产品国际化适配尺寸分型研究具有参考价值。本研究还构建以设计师为目标用户,以数据智能为核心的中国外耳数据库和耳机设计辅助系统等工具平台,这些成果是外耳测量学数据价值的进一步延伸。更多还原

【Abstract】 Detail and complex shape of human ear can be related to the comfort that a user feels upon wearing earphone products,and ear anthropometric measurements enable to fit the earphone products.The ear shape is complex,the ear canal data acquisition is difficult,Chinese ear data precision is poor which causing the existing Chinese ear anthropometric research cannot meet the needs of earphone products fit design.Existing earphone design for Chinese consumers still depends on the designer’s personal experience,outdated national standards and western ear data.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to obtain high-precision Chinese ear dimensions and measurements,and mining Chinese ear data to effectively promote the development of ear-earphone fitting design.This study conducted an anthropometry survey using laser scanner and in-ear scanner to develop a database of ear anthropometry to facilitate the fit and comfort of ear-related products.A total of 1190 adults were recruited in seven major population and geographic areas to collect their 3D ear data image.Each ear data was selected thirty-seven ear landmarks and forty-six ear dimensions.The descriptive statistics and comparative analysis for all measurements(means,standard deviations,maximum,minimum,and percentiles)in both sexes,sides and age groups were computed.1.Bilateral difference analysis was investigated to examine the difference between left and right,23 dimensions of right ear in males and 22 dimensions of right ear in females were larger than those of left ear.Sig.value(p)< 0.05 was considered statistically significant in bilateral ear measurements.2.In the comparison of gender dimension,males were found larger than females in all non-angle measurements.Sig.value(p)< 0.05 was considered statistically significant in gender.3.When people in their 50 s were compared with those in their 20 s,a significant increase was found in fifteen ear dimensions and a significant decrease was found in three ear dimensions.Sig.value(p)< 0.05 was considered statistically significant in age group.4.This study also compared with other ear anthropometry survey and found that most of the ear characteristics of Asians(Chinese and Koreans)are larger than Caucasians.Sig.value(p)< 0.05 was considered statistically significant in region.The in-ear scanning technique used in this study is an important innovation in the data acquisition of the external ear,and the ear canal and auricle region were aligned and merged by ICP(Iterative closest point),it has effectively promoted the research progress of ear anthropometry in China.The conclusions of large-sample ear anthropometric data in age,sex and other variable can be used as a reference for the fit of earphone products for Chinese customs.The conclusions of this study on the external ear size of different ethnic groups have reference value for the study on the size classification of earphone for internationalization.This study also constructs the tool platforms such as the Chinese ear database and the earphone design assistant system,which taking the designer as the target user and the data intelligence as the core.These achievements are ear anthropometric measurements value further extension.更多还原