【作者】 张婧；

【导师】 左国新；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 学科教学（数学）（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【副题名】以苏教版和人教版为例

【摘要】 估算是数学计算能力的重要组成部分,也是解决生活实际问题常用的方法。从二十世纪八十年代起,各国逐步开始重视估算。我国在2001年正式将其写入课标,明确其地位和目标。教材是知识的载体,是教师教学的依据。在课改的不断推进下,教材更新也随之进行,这时对已有教材的取长补短就尤为重要。所以比较研究教材中估算内容十分有价值,既可以深化教师对教材的理解,也可以对教材编写与修订提出微薄建议。本文研究过程主要采用文献研究法、文本研究法、比较研究法和调查问卷法。首先比较分析新旧课标对估算的要求,依据课标,找准估算定位。再从宏观比较估算内容在各年级、各数学领域、各教材栏目等方面的分布特点,接着从估算呈现方式、素材选取、特征词选用、估算内容功能性这四个角度进行微观比较。得出结论:在同一个课标的指引下,苏教版和人教版估算内容有许多相似之处,也有各自的特点和优势。结合教师调查问卷,对两版本教材编写提出以下建议:(1)教材布局编排应体现全局性。将估算内容更合理分布在各年级、更均衡的分布在数学各领域,增加科学素材、增加“表格+文字”呈现方式。(2)增加介绍估算方法的例题。(3)针对“大约”等隐性估算词设置对比练习,加深对估算本质的理解。此外,建议人教版教材加强重视估算的检验功能,建议苏教版教材重视估算数据选取的严谨性和合理性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Estimation is not only an important part of mathematical calculation ability,but also a common method to solve practical problems in life.Since the 1980s,countries have gradually begun to pay attention to estimation.China officially wrote it into the curriculum standard in 2001 to clarify its status and goal.Teaching materials are the carrier of knowledge and the basis of teachers’ teaching.Comparative study of the estimated content in teaching materials is very valuable,which can deepen teachers’understanding of teaching materials,and also put forward meager suggestions for the compilation and revision of teaching materials.The research process of this paper mainly adopts the methods of literature research,text research,comparative research and questionnaire.Firstly,compare and analyze the requirements of the new and old curriculum standards for estimation,and find the correct positioning.Then from the macro comparison of the distribution characteristics of the estimation content in grade,mathematics field and textbook columns,and then from the micro comparison of the estimation presentation mode,material selection,characteristic word selection and estimation functionality.It is concluded that under the guidance of the same curriculum standard,the estimation contents of Jiangsu Education Edition and people’s education edition have many similarities,as well as their own characteristics and advantages.Combined with the teacher questionnaire,the following suggestions are put forward for the compilation of the two versions of teaching materials:(1)The arrangement of teaching materials should reflect the overall situation.The evaluation content is more reasonably distributed in all grades and more evenly distributed in all fields of mathematics,adding scientific materials and the presentation of"Table+text".(2)Examples of estimation methods are added.(3)Compare "approximate" with other implied estimation words to deepen the understanding of the essence of estimation.In addition,it is suggested that People’s Education Edition textbooks should pay more attention to the examine function of estimation,and Jiangsu education press textbooks should pay attention to the preciseness and rationality of estimation data selection.更多还原