【作者】 吴建华；

【导师】 金石柱；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 地理学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 红色文化遗址谱写了中国人民保家卫国、奋勇抗敌的壮丽篇章,在历史、人文、教育、经济等方面都具有巨大的价值,是弘扬爱国主义传统、传承大无畏革命精神的重要途径。但随着城镇化进程的推进,红色文化遗址及其周边环境都受到诸多挑战和威胁,人们对红色文化遗址的保护意识和保护手段都还有待提高。本文以东北地区的红色文化遗址作为研究对象,依据相关网站及书籍资料整理好东北红色文化现状,利用地理学方法,通过宏观与微观相结合的手段,对东北地区红色文化遗址的空间分布特征与保护对策进行了专项研究。本文首先提出了针对红色文化遗址类型的划分标准,将红色文化遗址分为遗迹类和建筑设施类2个主类以及重要会议、活动地遗址;重要历史事件遗址;烈士殉难地遗址;抗日根据地、密营地遗址;重要机构旧址;名人故居、旧址;纪念设施;抗日部队附属机构;学校及其他军事设施遗址9个基本类型。并将收集整理好的3826处红色文化遗址进行了分类。其次是本文研究的重点内容,利用最近邻指数、多距离空间聚类分析、核密度分析和自然断点法等手段,分别从不同空间尺度、不同类型尺度、不同保护级别的维度对东北地区红色文化遗址的空间分布类型、空间分布密度、遗址与自然因素的空间分布关系这几个方面对东北地区红色文化遗址的空间分布特征进行了分析。研究发现,在不同空间尺度,东北地区红色文化遗址呈“黑龙江单核、吉林一极四核、辽宁四核”的空间分布特征;在不同类型尺度,遗迹类遗址在辽宁省呈现“中东部集中分布,西南部分散分布”、在吉林省呈现“中东部集聚分布,西部零星分布”,在黑龙江省呈现“中部地区分散分布”的态势。建筑设施类遗址在辽宁省呈现“散而均匀分布”、在吉林省呈现“多点集聚”,在黑龙江省呈现“集于一点分布”的分布态势。在不同保护级别,国家级文物保护单位在空间上呈均匀分布的特征;省级文物保护单位在空间上呈分散分布的态势,呈现南北多,中部少的分布特点。在自然因素影响方面,遗迹类遗址在东北地区主要集中在山地丘陵地区,且平均海拔高于建筑设施类,具有较强的流动性,而建筑设施类遗址具有低指向性。最后,基于空间分布特征、保护利用现状和政府出台政策,提出东北地区红色文化遗址保护中存在的问题。综合以上研究,提出了东北地区红色文化遗址的保护对策,并对本文的研究进行了总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 The red cultural site shows a magnificent chapter of the heroic struggle of the Chinese people since modern times.It is a source to stimulate patriotism,inspire national spirit and continue to move forward.It has very important historical,cultural,educational and economic values.However,with the advancement of urbanization,the red cultural sites and their surrounding environment are facing many challenges and threats.People’s awareness and means of protecting the red cultural sites need to be improved.This article takes shows the red cultural sites in Northeast China as the research object.According to the government website and relevant books,using the theories and methods of geography and statistics,and through the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis,makes a special study on the spatial distribution characteristics and Protection Countermeasures of the red cultural sites in Northeast China.Firstly,this article propose the classification standards for the different types of the red cultural sites,which are divided into two main categories: relics and building facilities.Sites of the important conferences and activities,sites of the important historical events,site of the martyrs’ martyrdom,sites of Anti-Japanese base areas and secret camps,former sites of important institutions,former residences and sites of celebrities,memorial facilities,subsidiary organizations of the Anti-Japanese forces,school and other military base;are 9 basic types.3826 red cultural sites were classified.The second part is the key content of this article.Using means of the nearest neighbor index,multi distance spatial cluster analysis,kernel density analysis and natural breakpoint method,and analyzes from the spatial distribution types,spatial distribution density.This article analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of red culture sites in Northeast China from the aspects of the spatial distribution relationship between sites and natural factors.It is found that the red cultural sites in Northeast China have the spatial distribution characteristics of "Heilongjiang single core,Jilin one pole four core and Liaoning four core" at different spatial scales;In different types of scales,relic sites are "concentrated in the Middle East and scattered in the southwest" in Liaoning Province,"concentrated in the Middle East and scattered in the west" in Jilin Province,and "scattered in the middle" in Heilongjiang Province.The sites of architectural facilities are "scattered and evenly distributed" in Liaoning Province,"multi-point cluster" in Jilin Province,and "concentrated at one point" in Heilongjiang Province.At different levels of protection,the national cultural relics protection units are evenly distributed in space;The provincial cultural relics protection units are scattered in space,showing the distribution characteristics of more in the North and South and less in the middle.In terms of the impact of natural factors,heritage sites are mainly concentrated in mountainous and hilly areas in Northeast China,and the average altitude is higher than the building facilities type,which has strong mobility,while building facilities sites have low directivity.Finally,based on the characteristics of spatial distribution,the current situation of protection and utilization and the policies issued by the government,this article puts forward the problems existing in the protection of red cultural sites in Northeast China.Based on the above research,this article puts forward the protection strategies of red cultural sites in Northeast China,and summarizes the research of this article.更多还原