【作者】 王婧；

【导师】 邬大光； 郑宏；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 在敌寇纷纷策动侵华的抗战时期,中国大陆的高等学府开启了一场波澜壮阔的整体“迁徙”之旅,打破了当时千万学子的书斋生活,造就了现今无数的史学瑰宝,对我国近现代高等教育的发展与布局带来了重大影响。探究浙江省各大迁徙高校的发展历程与办学经验具有重大的理论与实践价值,不仅有利于提升当代学子自身的文化素养,意识到作为中华学子的社会责任感,其间蕴含的成功经验也值得当代高等学府学习与借鉴。本研究主要采用历史研究法,基于浙江省内迁徙高校历史沿革的总体考察以及国内外学者对相关问题的研究成果,力图厘清省内六所迁徙高校以及一所分校的发展脉络,尽可能还原其抗战时期的迁徙路线和办学情景。通过上述研究,本文发现了浙江省高校迁徙的原因可以从社会、政治、高校自身以及迁入地因素四个方面来阐释,其在迁徙途中的人财物损耗巨大,迁徙的基本类型可以分为省内迁徙、暂迁邻省、迁往租界和迁往内地四种,迁徙结束后部分高校复员成功,部分发展为两所高校,部分高校停办消失在历史长河中。浙江省迁徙高校在抗战前后历经了强调特色——倡导科学——注重应用三阶段的办学理念,其迁徙途中的学科设置和教学管理也始终坚持以“学生”和“生活”为中心,顺应时代发展需求,校址选择也是多方因素权衡之下的结果。在上述史料的佐证下,本文将迁徙高校所取得的成就归纳为以下三个方面:其一是进一步凝练了校风校训,为大学精神增添新元素;其二是培养了一批杰出师生代表,创造了众多科研成果;其三是留存了一大批校舍建筑,启迪了后辈的爱国与求学热情。浙江省内迁徙高校的影响主要表现为:延续并发展了浙江省乃至全国的教育事业;促进浙西南以及西北内陆地区工农业经济的发展;改善了浙西南地区人口的地域分布情况;宣传或投身于全民族抗日救亡运动并作出贡献。抗战时期浙江省的高校迁徙虽只是历史长河中须臾一瞬,但其在高等教育发展史中的地位是无可比拟的,我们从中感受到中华民族自强不息艰苦卓绝的精神,意识到高等教育作为国之重器在战争年代发挥的重要作用,此项研究值得继续深入。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the turbulent period of Anti-Japanese War,the higher educational institutions in China embarked on a grant "migration" process,which broke the study life of millions of students at that time,has created countless historical treasures at this time,and has a significant impact on the development and overall arrangement of modern higher education in my country.Exploring the rich theoretical and practical value in the development history and school-running experience of the major migrating colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province,it is not only conducive to improving the cultural literacy of contemporary students,and it also helps to realize the sense of social responsibility as a Chinese student,and the successful experience contained in it is also worthy of learning and reference from contemporary institutions of higher learning.Based on the overall investigation of the historical evolution of Zhejiang’s migrating colleges and universities and the research results of domestic and foreign scholars on related issues,this research mainly adopts historical research method,and comprehensively uses literature research methods,case analysis methods and comparative research methods to clarify the specific migration context of National Zhejiang University,National Hangzhou College of Art,and National Yingshi University,Zhejiang Provincial College of Medical,Zhejiang Provincial Hangzhou Vocational College of Silk,and the private Hangchow College of Arts and Sciences,tries to restore their migration routes and school running scenes during the antiJapanese war.Through the above research,this article found that the reasons for the migration of colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province can be explained from the four aspects of society,politics,colleges and universities themselves,and the factors of areas that migration moving in,and the loss of people and property during the migration is quite huge.There are 4 kinds of the basic types of migration which can be divided into intra-provincial migration,temporary migration to neighboring provinces,migration to public concession,and migration to the inland of China.After the migration,some universities were successfully demobilized,some developed into two universities,and some were ceased operations and disappeared in the educational history.The migration colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province experienced three-section school-running philosophy of emphasizing characteristics—advocating science—focusing on application before and after the Anti-Japanese War,and their disciplinary setting and teaching management during their migration also always adhere to the "student" and "life" as the center,and conform to the development needs of the times,what’s more,the choice of school location is also the result of many tradeoffs.Supported by the above-mentioned historical materials,this article summarizes the achievements of migrating colleges and universities into the following 3 aspects,the first is to further condense the school spirit and motto,adding new elements to the university spirit;the second is to cultivate a group of outstanding representatives of teachers and students and create numerous scientific research results;the third is to preserve a large number of school buildings to inspire patriotism and study.And the impact of the migration of colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province is mainly manifested as:continued and developed the education undertakings in Zhejiang Province and even the whole country;promote the development of industrial and agricultural economy in southwestern Zhejiang and inland areas of northwestern China;improved the geographical distribution of the population in southwestern Zhejiang;propaganda or devote themselves to the national anti-Japanese national salvation movement and make contributions.Although the migration of colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province during the Anti-Japanese War was only a brief moment in history,its position in the history of higher education development is unparalleled.From it,we feel the spirit of the Chinese nation’s continuous self-improvement,and realize that the important role played by higher education as the country’s most important tool in the war years,this research deserves to be further deepened.更多还原