【作者】 张成；

【导师】 李蕾；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着中央以及各地政府政策的引导,商品房市场正在由“毛坯”时代向“精装修”时代转变。购房者购房之初被开发商美轮美奂的宣传广告和华丽精致的样板房所吸引,于是签订了房屋买卖合同和委托装修合同。等到交房时,却发现实际交付的房屋与当初的宣传广告和样板间严重不符,并且出现了各种质量问题。于是,大规模的维权现象和要求解除装修合同的纷争层出不穷,在很大程度上已经影响了社会的稳定。因此,分析矛盾和解决矛盾就显得极为重要。本文第一章对“精装修合同”中购房人的解除权基础作了一个概述。首先,梳理了“精装修合同”履行中出现的主要问题,并在委托合同与承揽合同,建设工程合同与承揽合同之间作了一个辨析,确定“精装修合同”在本质上属于承揽合同。其次,将购房人的解除权来源分为法定解除权和任意解除权。最后,通过法律条款和现实案例,发现认定这两种解除权中存在的争议。因此,本文的第二章主要围绕《合同法》第94条第4款规定的法定解除权展开讨论。本文认为“样板房”作为商品房预售广告的一种,在符合特定条件时,应当成为装修合同的内容。此时装修合同的目的应当在具象的视角下认定,然后结合合同目的“无法实现”的认定标准,在个案中判断“合同目的”是否“无法实现”。第三章主要围绕定作人的任意解除权展开。以任意解除权的法理基础为支撑,分析任意解除权的行使条件和赔偿范围,希望通过法解释让合同双方的利益能够趋于平衡。第四章为笔者通过亲身经历提出来的一些规范“精装房”市场的建议,以求保障购房人的利益并促进我国“精装修”商品房市场健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the guidance of the central and local government policies,the commercial housing market is changing from the era of "rough" to the era of "fine decoration".At the beginning of the purchase,the buyers were attracted by the beautiful advertisement of the developers and the gorgeous and exquisite model houses,so they signed the housing sales contract and the entrusted decoration contract.When the house was handed over,it was found that the actual delivery of the house was seriously inconsistent with the original advertising and model house,and there were various quality problems,so large-scale rights protection and litigation disputes on the termination of decoration contract emerged in an endless stream.The first chapter of this paper gives an overview of the "fine decoration contract" and the basis of the buyer’s right to terminate it.First of all,the main problems in the performance of the "fine decoration contract" are sorted out,and an analysis is made between the commission contract and the contract of work,the construction project contract and the contract of work.It is determined that the "fine decoration contract" belongs to the contract of work in essence.Secondly,the author thinks that the source of the buyer’s right of rescission can be divided into legal rescission right and arbitrary rescission right.Finally,through the legal provisions and practical cases,the author finds that there are some difficulties in the determination of these revocation rights in judicial practice.Therefore,the second chapter focuses on the legal rescission right stipulated in Article 94(4)of the contract law.In my opinion,as a kind of pre-sale advertisement of commercial housing,model house should be regarded as the content of decoration contract when it meets specific conditions.At this time,the purpose of the decoration contract should be determined from a specific point of view,and then combined with the "impossible to achieve" standard to determine the purpose of the contract,in order to determine whether the "contract purpose" can be achieved in individual cases.The third chapter mainly discusses the right of revocation in discretion.Based on the legal basis of the right of arbitrary rescission,this paper analyzes the conditions,restrictions and consequences of the exercise of the right of arbitrary rescission,in order to achieve the balance of the interests of both parties to the contract.The fourth chapter puts forward suggestions to standardize the "fine decoration" housing market through personal experience,hoping to protect the interests of the buyers effectively and make the "fine decoration" commercial housing market develop healthily in China.更多还原