【作者】 陈琳；

【导师】 郭启新；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 在术语指称机制的研究中,转喻的作用往往被忽视或糅杂于对隐喻命名方式的分析中。然而,随着认知语言学中转喻研究的推进以及现代术语学研究认知转向的到来,有学者开始关注转喻指称机制的特殊性和重要价值,整理了特定领域内的转喻型术语,分析了转喻型术语的指称过程并在其翻译方面针对某一学科领域内特定类型的转喻型术语探讨具体实践方法,但是应该看到相关的研究缺乏相关理论指导,且研究路径较为单一。各学科术语系统中都能发现转喻型术语的身影,因经济学领域兼具科学性和人文性,转喻型术语在其学科术语系统中广泛存在且理据性强。本文选取经济学领域内的转喻型术语及其汉译为研究对象,主要探讨以下三个问题:(1)现有的经济学转喻型术语的汉译方法有哪些?(2)从功能对等的视角看,经济学转喻型术语的汉译中存在哪些问题?(3)汉译经济学转喻型术语可以遵循哪些原则、采用怎样的过程性策略?针对这三项研究问题,本研究选取功能分析路径,阐述了转喻型术语的主要功能,即指称功能,认知功能和交际功能。同时借鉴了现代术语学中“门的理论”,从术语的语符、概念和交际三个层面,分析了转喻型术语汉译的特殊性和进行功能分析的必要性。此外,本文收集了《牛津英汉双解经济学词典》、《新帕尔格雷夫经济学大辞典》等权威英汉经济学词典和在线术语库中的转喻型术语实例,从功能对等的视角分析了经济学转喻型术语汉译的现状及其中存在的问题,并在此基础上提出汉译转喻型术语的原则和过程性策略。通过数据分析和讨论,本研究有如下发现:1)转喻型术语现有的汉译方法主要有直译、音译直译结合和意译,使用情境各不相同,其中存在过分直译和概念义不清等情况。2)参照转喻型术语的功能,可以发现现有汉译中的问题可分为三种,影响了这些功能的实现。首先,存在转喻型术语的汉译没有实现指称功能的问题,包括冠名术语中错误的人名音译和概念义表述缺失等情况。其次,有的翻译没有实现转喻型术语的认知功能,即未完全表达术语的概念义。最后是在实现交际功能方面表现出的问题,表现在译者未考虑文化差异对专业交流的影响,汉译表述无没有传达应有的文化内涵。3)转喻型术语的汉译应遵循意义高于形式、考虑读者能力和确保术语发挥对等的交流效果的原则。建议译者在过程中采取了解概念义、追溯源语指称过程、分析读者理解能力和传递文化内涵的策略。本文从功能对等视角对经济学转喻型术语的汉译进行研究,并针对现有汉译中的问题尝试性地提出翻译原则和过程性策略,为转喻型术语的汉译实践与理论探讨提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advancement of metonymy research in cognitive linguistics and the cognitive shift in the modern terminology studies,some scholars have begun to pay attention to the peculiarity and value of the metonymic designative mechanism.They sorted out metonymic terms in some specific fields,analysed the designative process of metonymic terms and discussed specific methods to translate metonymic terms in a specific subject field.Nevertheless,the research lacks relevant theoretical guidance and take simple approaches towards the issue.In fact,metonymic terms can be found in different terminology.As economics manifests features of both natural science and humanity and there are many metonymic terms in the economic terminology,the present study takes the metonymic terms in economics and their Chinese translation as research objects and addresses the following three questions:(1)What is the status quo of E-C translation of metonymic terms in economics in terms of translation methods?(2)What are the existing problems in the Chinese translation of metonymic terms in economics from the perspective of functional equivalence?(3)What kind of principles and procedural strategies can be adopted to translate metonymic terms in economics from the perspective of functional equivalence?In response,the present study takes the approach of functional analysis and expounds main functions of metonymic terms,namely designative function,cognitive function and communicative function.Meanwhile,it draws on the "the theory of doors"in modern terminology studies to analyse the peculiarity of E-C translation of metonymic terms and the necessity of functional analysis from three parameters of terminology.Besides,the present study collects examples of metonymic terms from authoritative economic dictionaries and online term banks,and illustrates the status quo and the existing problems of E-C translation of metonymic terms in economics from the perspective of functional equivalence.Based on these,the principles and procedural strategies are put forward.Through data analysis and discussion,this study has the following findings:1)The existing E-C translation methods of metonymic terms in economics mainly include literal translation,transliteration plus literal translation,and free translation.Although each method has its own characteristics,there are problems in each method.2)The problems in the existing Chinese translation can be viewed from three aspects,namely problems in realising the designative function,the cognitive function and the communicative function.They include the incorrect transliteration of the name in an eponym and the lack of conceptual meaning;do not fully represent the conceptual meaning;do not consider the effect of cultural differences in the professional communication and contain no cultural connotation in the translation.3)The E-C translation of metonymic terms in economics should emphasise the priority on the meaning over the form,the readership,and the equivalent communication effect in the translation.Translator should adopt strategies of understanding the concept meaning,tracing the designative process in the source language,analysing the reader’s decoding ability and transmitting the cultural connotation in the process.This paper studies the E-C translation of metonymic terms in economics from the perspective of functional equivalence,and attempts to propose translation principles and procedural strategies for solving the problems in the existing Chinese translation.The discussion provides a reference for further E-C translation practices and research.更多还原