【作者】 王云；

【导师】 王志；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 绝交是人类社会生活常见行为之一,先秦两汉时期的典籍中记载了不少与人绝交者的诗歌或者文辞。本文即以先秦两汉时期这些与人绝交者留下的诗歌或者文辞作为研究对象,以求深化和丰富我们对先秦两汉文学的认知与理解。文章共分为五部分,绪论部分介绍了选题依据,并对目前学界有关先秦两汉时期绝交文学的研究成果进行总结。正文将所收集到的材料分门别类,划分为绝交诗、绝交辞赋、绝交文三部分进行研究。第一章分析先秦两汉时期的绝交诗。首先研究先秦绝交诗歌的滥觞情况。其次,按时代顺序具体讨论笔者梳理早期文献所确认的十四首绝交诗歌。对于《诗经》中的绝交诗,先讨论了其绝交诗之性质以及思想之内涵,然后对其艺术状况进行了总结。对汉代绝交诗,亦先确定其篇目,论述其主旨,而后从体式方面加以划分,对其中一些独到而容易被人忽略的创作艺术进行了深入的挖掘。第二章分析先秦两汉时期的绝交辞赋。这一时期笔者共梳理出绝交辞赋四篇,一篇为春秋时期作品,三篇为西汉时期作品。首先确定绝交辞赋的篇目,讨论了《离骚》《远游》《湘君》等楚辞作品虽与绝交文学有相通相似之处,但不适合视为绝交文学的原因。其后,按照班固《汉书·艺文志》的分类,依次对属于“荀卿赋之属”的《龙蛇赋》,属于“屈原赋之属”的《赵幽王赋》和《惜誓》,属于“陆贾赋之属”的《逐贫赋》展开深入的讨论,以揭示其思想与艺术之特质。第三章分析先秦两汉时期的绝交文。这一时期笔者共梳理出绝交文十五篇,六篇为春秋时期作品,三篇为战国时期作品,六篇为东汉时期作品。本章首先按照绝交文章所绝关系的特点,对这些文章做了划分,并按照年代先后对代表性篇什的思想与艺术状况进行了深入的讨论。其次,本章还在前述个案考察基础上,对绝交文的艺术发展状况做了深入的归纳与考察,讨论了绝交文逐渐取代绝交诗主流地位的原因以及绝交文自身逐渐成熟的各种表现。最后的余论部分,从题材内容、体裁体式、艺术风格、精神价值等方面总结了先秦两汉绝交文学之成就与影响。指出先秦两汉时期,绝交文学反映的绝交生活内容十分广泛,覆盖了复杂的人伦关系与绝交理由;不仅采纳了诸多文体形式,而且风格多样,涌现出不少极富艺术个性与艺术影响的名篇佳作;而早期绝交文学所反映出的古人的道德观念以及所张扬的人格节操,至今能给人以深刻的启迪。更多还原

【Abstract】 Diffidation is one of the common behaviors in human social life.In the Pre-Qin and Han dynasties,many poems and words of people who decided to break up with others were recorded in ancient books.This paper takes these poems and words as the research object in order to deepen and enrich our cognition and understanding of the literature of the Pre-Qin and Han dynasties.The article is divided into five parts,introduction introduces the basis of the topic and summarizes the current academic research results about diffidation in the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties.According to the collected materials,the body part are divided into "Diffidation poem" 、 "Diffidation Ci Fu" 、 "Diffidation article" three chapters.We will make an intensive study of them.The first chapter analyzes diffidation poem in the PreQin and Han Dynasties.Firstly,it studies the origin of the diffidation poems in the Pre-Qin Dynasty.Secondly,according to the chronological order,we will discuss fourteen diffidation poems that are found and confirmed by the authors.About the poems in the Shijing,their nature and the connotation of thought are discussed firstly,and then their artistic situation are summarized.About the diffidation poems in Han Dynasties,this paper determines their content,discusses their main ideas,and then divides these poems from their form,and in-depth excavation of creative art which is unique and easily overlooked.The second chapter analyzes the diffidation Ci Fu of the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties.After investigation,analysis,and judgment,a total of four diffidation Ci Fu from this period have been collected.The author has defined that one of diffidation Ci Fu is from the Spring and Autumn Period,and three diffidation Ci Fu are from the Western Han Period.It is the first thing to determine the diffidation Ci Fu."Li SAO","Far Journey" and "Xiang Jun" have some similarities with the diffidation literature.The author makes a analysis of these works which are suspected to be diffidation work,and explains why they are not considered as the diffidation literature works.Then according to the Hanshu Yiwenzhi,Longshe Fu is part of the Xun Qing Fu.Zhao Youwang Fu and Xishi are part of the Qu Yuan Fu.Zhupin Fu is part of the Lu Jia Fu.This chapter makes a detailed analysis of each of these works and summarizes their characteristics of thought and art.The third chapter analyzes the diffidation articles of the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties.After investigation,analysis,and judgment,six works are from the Spring and Autumn Period,three works are from the Warring States period and six works are from the Eastern Han Period.First,according to the characteristics of the relationship between the people,this chapter divides these articles into three parts.In addition,the ideological and artistic status of the representative works are discussed in depth according to the chronological sequence.Secondly,on the basis of the case study,this chapter also makes an indepth summary and investigation of the artistic development of diffidation articles.It also discusses the various manifestations of the gradual maturity of the essay replacing the mainstream pasition of the poem.This excursus sums up the Pre-Qin and Han dynasties diffidation literary achievements and influences from the aspects of the subject matter content,the genre style,artistic style and the spiritual value.In the period of Pre-Qin and Han dynasties,the content of the life about diffidation reflected in the literature is very extensive.It covers the complex human relations and reasons about diffidation.It not only adopts many literary forms,but also diversifies styles,and produces many famous masterpieces with artistic individuality and artistic influence.However,the ancient people’s moral concepts and personality integrity reflects in the early literature of breaking up with people can still give people profound enlightenment.更多还原