【作者】 马燕；

【导师】 孙迎联；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 马克思主义中国化， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 习近平同志在各个时期都十分重视农村的发展,重视三农问题,在产业、文化、人才、基层组织、生态方面曾做出过重要论述。在此基础上2017年10月十九大会议报告中提出“乡村振兴战略”,这一战略是党中央领导做好顶层设计的通盘考虑,着眼于国家的奋斗目标,在新的历史机遇面前,面对人民对美好生活向往的新历史诉求上做出的重大决策。乡村振兴战略是指农村严格按照“产业兴旺、乡风文明、生态宜居、治理有效、生活富裕^（1）”的目标宗旨来组织实施,它不是单方面或者几个方面的振兴,而是全方位立体振兴,使农村集体经济的发展更有生命力,实现政治、经济和社会价值;反观农村集体经济在不断加强的过程中,能够增强社会主义公有制成分,体现出社会主义优越性。本论文在乡村振兴战略背景下,为促进农村农业农民现代化,有效实现乡村振兴,以农村集体经济为视角,研究集体经济如何成为巩固脱贫攻坚战略衔接乡村振兴战略的中间力量。近几年,农村出现大面积的农地荒置、人口外流、“空壳村”越来越多、土地资源浪费、人口结构性失衡以及产业相对滞后等问题。伴随着这些问题的不断加深,乡村内生规则与道德秩序被打破,事实表明:与城市化、城镇化加速发展繁荣相比,我国农村与城市的差距越来越大,农村未能实现与城市的同步现代化。集体经济对于现阶段我国农村问题的有效解决有着重要的指导意义,回顾农村集体经济发展的整个历史脉络,从建国以来历经了互助组、合作社、高级社,再发展到人民公社,改革开放后又经历重新探索阶段。本论文分析得出:现阶段集体经济未能与时俱进,农村集体经济在农村发展情况相对滞后。因此,本文选取了国内集体经济发展较好的姜堰模式、永联模式、吴中模式和江宁模式,总结其发展的典型做法、可借鉴的经验启示。从多种举措推动农民主体现代化、清产确权明晰产权动力机制、构建良好的外部保障机制、建立有效的内部管理和分配激励以及通过多渠道实现集体组织专业化等角度,探讨了其他地区在实现集体经济发展形式的多元化选择,为其他地区的农村集体经济发展总结可以推广的发展经验,进而为发展我国农村集体经济新模式提供理论参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Comrade Xi Jinping has always attached great importance to the development of the "three rural" issues.In October 2017,in the report of the 19 th National Congress,he summarized the specific local conditions in various periods,including industry,culture,talents,grassroots organizations,etc.An important discussion on ecology.Proposing the "Rural Revitalization Strategy" is the overall consideration of the Party Central Committee’s leadership in the top-level design,focusing on the country’s goal of struggle,facing new historical opportunities,and facing the people’s new historical demands for a better life.decision making.The strategy of rural revitalization is to revitalize the villages with the goal of "realizing industrial prosperity,realizing rural cultural civilization,realizing a beautiful rural environment,realizing effective rural governance,and realizing a prosperous life for farmers".It is not a unilateral or several aspects of revitalization,but an all-round and three-dimensional revitalization.The rural revitalization strategy can make the development of the rural collective economy more viable and realize its profitability.Moreover,the construction of our rural collective economy can be said to be able to be continuously strengthened,and it is also part of the socialist public ownership system,which can fully reflect the superiority of socialism.In the context of rural revitalization strategy,in order to promote the modernization of rural agricultural farmers and effectively realize rural revitalization,this paper studies how the collective economy can become an intermediate force that consolidates the poverty alleviation strategy and connects the rural revitalization strategy from the perspective of the rural collective economy.In recent years,my country’s rural areas have experienced problems such as large areas of farmland waste,population exodus,more and more "empty villages",waste of land resources,demographic imbalance,and relatively lagging industries.With the deepening of these problems,the rural endogenous rules and moral order have been broken.One fact is: Compared with the accelerated development and prosperity of urbanization and urbanization,it are constantly declining.The collective economy plays an important guiding role in the effective solution of rural problems in my country at this stage.It reviews the entire historical context of the development of rural collective economy.Since the founding of the Communist Party of China,it has gone through mutual aid groups,cooperatives,and high-level societies,and then developed into the people’s communes and reforms.After opening,it went through a re-exploration stage.This thesis analyzes the status quo of the development of the rural collective economy.There must be a stage when the collective economy fails to keep up with the times,and the rural collective economic system,policies,theories,and models are relatively lagging.Therefore,this article selects the Jiangyan model,Yonglian model,Wuzhong model and Jiangning model,which are well developed in the domestic collective economy,and summarizes its typical development practices and lessons learned.From a variety of measures to promote the modernization of the main body of farmers,a clear property rights dynamic mechanism for clearing property rights,building a good external guarantee mechanism,establishing effective internal management and distribution incentives,and realizing the professionalization of collective organizations through multiple channels,other perspectives were discussed.The diversification of the forms of collective economic development in the region has summarized the practical rural experience that can be promoted for the development of the collective economy of townships in other countries and regions,and actively explores new models and creative paths for the development of rural collective economy in our country.更多还原