【作者】 刘新武；

【导师】 刘健智；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 课程与教学论（物理）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 2017年,中华人民共和国教育部制定了《普通高中物理课程标准》,其中正式提出了物理核心素养。物理核心素养是学生经历在校学习以后获得的关键能力和品格,在校学习的要素有施教者、受教者以及教学素材。教科书作为教学素材之本有着重要作用,是施教者与受教者进行教学活动的话语空间。研究分析高中物理教科书中有利于教师培养学生核心素养的教学素材,能够为教师或学生根据教学需要选用相应的教学素材提供版本切换的指导。研究的过程为,根据物理核心素养各个要素的不同性质,结合高中物理课程标准对物理核心素养的水平划分标准,构建出12个针对物理教科书的水平划分标准(其中物理观念的三个子要素整合为1个标准),再利用标准对五版通过“2019国家教材委员会专家委员会审核”的高中物理教材必修一部分进行水平划分,然后计算得出每版教材在物理核心素养各子要素上的整体水平与独立水平,最后分析得出能指导教师和学生选用适当教材的结论。研究结果显示,人教版在培养学生科学推理、质疑创新、问题、科学本质、科学态度等素养上的水平较高,在模型建构、证据、解释、交流等方面水平较低;鲁科版在培养学生物理观念、模型建构、交流等素养上水平较高,在科学论证、科学本质等方面水平较低;教科版在培养学生模型建构素养上水平较高,整体显得中规中矩;粤教版在培养学生科学论证、证据、解释等素养上水平较高,在问题、科学态度等方面水平较低;沪科版在培养学生科学探究、科学态度与责任的子要素上水平较高,在科学思维的子要素上水平较低。最后根据研究结果,对编者编写教材、教师选择和使用教材提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2017,the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China has formulated the "Ordinary High School Physics Curriculum Standard",which officially proposed physical key competencies.Physical key competencie is a key ability and character that students have experienced after studying in school.The elements of studying in school have enforceers,admirers,and teaching materials.The textbook is an important role as a teaching material,which is the discourse space for teaching activities with the teachings.Research and Analysis of High School Physics Textbooks concerned the teaching material for teachers to cultivate students’ key competencies,and can choose from the corresponding teaching material to provide version switching for teachers.In this research process,according to the different natures of various elements of physical key competencies,the level of physical key competencies is constructed in the physical high school curriculum standard,and 12 level division standards for physics textbooks(three sub-elements integrated by physical concepts are constructedfor 1 standard),than use standards to classify the compulsory part of 5high school physics textbooks that have passed the "2019 National Textbook Committee Expert Committee Review",and then calculate the overall level of each version of the textbook in physical key competencies.With the independent level,final analysis depends on the conclusions of the appropriate teaching materials that can guide teachers and students.The results show that the People’s Education Press has done a good job in cultivating students’ scientific reasoning,questioning and innovation,questions,scientific nature,scientific attitude,but it is insufficient in model construction,evidence,explanation,communication.The Shandong Science and Technology Edition has done a good job in physical concept,model construction,communication have been well done,in terms of scientific argumentation,scientific nature.The Education Science Edition has a relatively high level of cultivating students’ model construction competencies,and the overall appearance is quite satisfactory.The Guangdong Education Edition has a relatively high level of cultivating students’ scientific argumentation,evidence,interpretation competencies,but has a low level of questions and scientific attitude.Shanghai-Science version is done in cultivating students’ scientific exploration,the sub-elements of scientific attitude and responsibility,and the sub-elements of scientific thinking is insufficient.Based on the research results,suggestions are made for the editors to compile teaching materials,teachers’ selection and use of teaching materials.更多还原