【作者】 祝青；

【导师】 闵学勤；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 社会工作（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【副题名】以南京市X区“掌上云社区”为例

【摘要】 移动互联网和信息通信技术的发展,深刻影响着人们的生活和工作模式。不可避免地人们对国家管理、社会治理也产生了数字化期待。数字治理已经成为我国政府积极响应时代发展变化的一种态度和行动,成为促进社会主义国家治理制度体系和其治理技术能力建设现代化的一个重要方式和手段,各地基层政府的数字治理创新不断涌现。而社区作为一个城市基本社会生活的重要组成部分,也是城市基层社会治理的重要环节,承载着治理创新的重任。另一方面,社区居民委员会本身既是地方政府的基层行使政权的延伸,也同时具有社区居民自治组织的特殊属性,其双重身份造成社区工作者成为矛盾冲突的直接受众。社区工作者的身份转型即其职业化专业化发展是历史的必然也是现实的理性选择。政府、学界以及社区工作者自身都正在积极地探索如何实现社区工作者的身份转型,实现社区工作者职业化与专业化的发展。为了探索社区工作者在数字治理进程下身份转型的现状、实现转型的路径,本文以南京市X区“掌上云社区”建设为例,着眼于数字治理带来的机遇,对社区工作者展开研究,通过半结构式访谈、观察法研究社区工作者的转型之路。其中,“掌上云社区”是由各个社区基层党组织、居民委员会直接牵头,联合社区内部的全体居民、驻区工作单位、物业和其他社会公益组织等多元利益群体,依托社区微信群在线综合治理各类社区公共事务、提供公共服务的新型基层治理模式,属于数字治理下基层治理创新的典型。研究发现,社区工作者在工作的场域中,受到组织架构、工作内容以及居民互动的影响,形成基层“社区管理人员”的身份认知。在具体的社区实践中,逐步构建了工作能力依靠经验积累、工作职责以管理为主、工作考核以任务为中心的行动逻辑。虽然在国家大力支持和推进社会工作事业的时代背景下,社区工作者正在尝试通过专业社会工作人员职业资格认证考核来完成社会工作专业化转型,形成了一个以专业社会工作快速嵌入到社区工作中的局面,但实际上社区工作专业化发展仍然任重而道远。恰逢数字治理兴起,政府关于社区治理的新思路为社区工作者身份建构与转型提供了制度空间。“掌上云社区”成为传统社区工作者身份转型的契机,几乎全员“在场”的治理模式要求社区工作者提高工作效率,及时回应居民需求,保证服务质量、提升专业素养。在被迫适应到主动选择的过程中,社区工作者在行动逻辑上展示出由经验积累到专业提升、由管理到服务、由任务到需求的转变。虽然社区工作职业化与专业化发展已初显成效,但是由于观念、制度、能力等多方面原因,社区工作者身份转型的道路仍然困难重重,主要表现为行政依附严重、专业能力有待提高以及职业认同感低。笔者认为应转变人员构成思路,区分工作内容,将传统行政性工作与专业社区服务的提供分开,抓住社区层面数字治理的创新实践,加强对两类社区工作者社会工作知识与社区实践相结合的培训,为社区工作者找准身份定位,充分发挥数字治理进程下社区工作者的关键作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of mobile Internet and information and communication technology has profoundly affected people’s life and work patterns.Inevitably,people also have digital expectations for national management and social governance.Digital governance has become an attitude and action of the Chinese government to actively respond to the development and changes of The times.It has also become an important means to promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities.Digital governance innovation of local grass-roots governments keeps emerging.As an important part of the basic social life of a city,the community is also an important part of urban grassroots social governance.It carries the important task of governance innovation.On the other hand,the community residents committee itself is not only an extension of the government’s grassroots government,but also has the attributes of residents’ autonomous organizations.Its dual identities have caused community workers to become the direct bearers of the conflict.The identity transformation of community workers,or the professionalization and professional development of community work,is a historical necessity and a realistic and rational choice.The government,academia,and community workers themselves are actively exploring how to achieve it.In order to explore the status quo and path of the identity transformation of community workers under digital governance,this article takes the construction of the "Palm Cloud Community" in Nanjing X District as an example,focuses on the opportunities brought by digital governance,and conducts research on community workers.Research the transformation of community workers through semi-structured interviews and participatory observation methods."Palm Cloud Community" is a new grassroots governance model led by community party organizations and neighborhood committees,coordinating community residents,units in the district,property and community organizations,and relying on We Chat groups to manage community affairs online.It is a model of grassroots governance innovation under digital governance.The study found that community workers are affected by the organizational structure,work content,and residents’ interactions during their work,forming the identity of grassroots “community managers”.In practice,the logic of action is gradually constructed in which work ability relies on experience accumulation,work responsibilities are mainly management,and work assessment is task-centric.In the context of the country’s strong support for social work,community workers are trying to complete the professional transformation through the social work vocational qualification examination,forming a situation where professional social work is quickly embedded in community work.But in fact,the professional development of community work still has a long way to go.Coinciding with the rise of digital governance,the government’s new ideas on community governance have provided institutional space for the transformation of community workers’ identities.The "Palm Cloud Community" has become an opportunity for the transformation of the identity of community workers.The "presence" governance model of almost all staff requires community workers to improve work efficiency,respond to residents’ needs in a timely manner,ensure service quality,and improve professionalism.In the process of being forced to adapt to active choice,community workers have demonstrated the transition from experience accumulation to professional improvement,from management to service,and from task to demand in the logic of action.Although the development of professionalization and professionalization of community work has achieved initial results,the path of identity transformation of community workers is still very difficult due to various reasons such as concepts,systems,and capabilities.It is mainly manifested in the serious administrative dependence,the need to improve professional ability,and the low sense of professional identity.The author believes that it is necessary to change the mindset of personnel composition,distinguish the content of work,and separate the traditional administrative work from the provision of professional community services.Grasp the innovative practice of digital governance at the community level,strengthen the training of the combination of social work knowledge and community practice of the two types of community workers,identify the identity of community workers,and give full play to the key role of community workers in the digital governance process.更多还原