一位高中体育特级教师专业发展的叙事研究

【作者】 王琦；

【导师】 李春阳；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 体育教学（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 随着教育现代化战略任务的部署,我国教师队伍的建设被提出了更高的要求,教师专业发展正成为倍受关注的焦点。加之体育基础教育课程改革的逐步深化,对体育教师提出了更高的要求,其教育教学工作面临着巨大的机遇与挑战。然而现实中体育教师教育教学问题的存在、学科地位边缘化等状况,使得提升体育教师专业发展水平、培养高水平高质量的体育教师队伍成为了亟需研究与推进的课题。优秀教师作为教师队伍中可持续发展的中流砥柱,有着一定的引领与辐射作用。一位普通的体育教师成长为优秀教师乃至特级教师的道路是漫长且艰辛的,这是一个专业知识、能力与情意不断提升,直至发展成熟且达到一定境界的过程。通过对个别优秀教师的专业发展进行解读与研究,可为更多体育教师的专业发展提供经验的加持、榜样的树立,以促进更高效的专业发展。本研究基于教师专业发展阶段理论,以一位高中体育特级教师L老师的专业发展为研究对象,采用叙事研究的范式,运用观察法、访谈法和实物收集法等研究方法,叙议结合重现其专业发展历程,剖析和归纳出影响其专业发展的重要因素,以期引发反思、提供可借鉴的经验与启示。通过对L老师专业发展历程的整理叙写,概括出以下发展阶段及特点:(1)职前准备阶段:专业认同情感得到奠基、专业知识与技能得到高峰发展;(2)专业发展新手阶段:工作心态积极、注重理论与实践的学习、坚持且自觉刻苦;(3)专业发展胜任阶段:持续学习与反思、注重全方面发展、专业能力逐步累积、专业情意发展日益成熟;(4)专业发展熟练阶段:高度的职业认同感、教育教学理念更新升华、善于发现教育教学问题、有意识地于实践中寻找问题、及时的教育教学反思与总结、注重提升创新与研究能力、专业发展产生质的飞跃;(5)专业发展专家阶段:持续提升科研能力、自主学习与多渠道培训助力自我更新、发挥示范辐射作用共促发展、用经验智慧持续创造现实价值。通过对L老师专业发展历程解释性的理解与分析,总结出其专业发展的影响因素有(1)宏观层面:国家教师教育政策、社会环境因素;(2)中观层面:职前学习环境、学校成长环境、教师团队、家庭因素;(3)微观层面:关键人物和事件因素、个人内在因素。其中个人内在因素最为关键,包含了职业认同感、自主专业发展意识与能力、教育信念与教育情意、性格特征、生理因素等。立足于上述分析,总结出利于体育教师专业发展正向构建的经验启示与促进策略:(1)社会和国家管理部门方面要做到积极支持和推动体育教师专业发展,包括完善专业发展制度、创新培训模式、优化发展评价等;(2)师范院校要发挥好培育体育教育人才的职能,包括培育体育师范生的职业情感认同、专业知识技能、体育教育教学素养等;(3)任教学校要加强对体育教师的人文关怀、重视教育教学氛围营造和校园文化熏陶、注重构建教师学习合作共同体、加强校本培训力度、提供尽可能多的专业发展平台和契机等;(4)家庭方面要能对体育教师的工作给予充分的理解与支持;(5)体育教师个体要做到爱岗敬业,包括增强职业认同感、坚定教育信念、保持积极心态等;个体要做到充分的专业自觉,包括增强自主发展意识、学做专业发展规划、提升专业知识技能、把握正确教学原则、自觉寻求合作交流等;个体欲达到有效的专业发展,需以终身学习、经常与多样化的反思、教学科研为路径去摸索。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the deployment of the strategic task of education modernization,the construction of teachers in our country has been put forward higher requirements,and the professional development of teachers has become the focus of attention.In addition,the gradual deepening of the curriculum reform of physical education basic education has put forward higher requirements for physical education teachers,and its education and teaching work is facing great opportunities and challenges.However,the problems of PE teachers’ education and teaching in reality and the marginalization of subject status make it an urgent task to improve PE teachers’ professional development level and cultivate high-level and high-quality PE teachers.Excellent teachers,as the mainstay of sustainable development in the teaching team,have a certain leading and radiation role.It is a long and arduous road for an ordinary PE teacher to grow into an excellent teacher and even a special teacher,which is a process of continuous improvement of professional knowledge,ability and affection until the development is mature and reaches a certain level.Through the interpretation and research on the professional development of individual excellent teachers,we can provide more PE teachers with experience and set an example to promote more efficient professional development.Based on the theory of teachers’ professional development stage,this study takes the professional development of a senior high school physical education teacher L teacher as the research object,adopts the narrative research paradigm,uses the observation method,the interview method and the physical collection method and so on.By summarizing and describing the professional development course of L teachers,the following development stages and characteristics are summarized:(1)Pre-service preparation stage: the foundation of professional identity emotion,the peak development of professional knowledge and skills;(2)the new stage of professional development: positive working attitude,theoretical and practical learning,persistence and self-conscious hard work;(3)the stage of professional development competence: continuous learning and reflection,attention to all aspects of development,professional ability gradually accumulated,professional sentiment development increasingly mature;(4)Proficiency stage in professional development:a high degree of professional identity,renewal and sublimation of educational and teaching concepts,good at finding problems in education and teaching,conscious search for problems in practice,timely reflection and summary of education and teaching,emphasis on improving innovation and research ability,and qualitative leap in professional development;(5)Professional development expert stage: continuous improvement of scientific research ability,independent learning and multi-channel training to help self-renew,play the role of demonstration radiation to promote development,and continue to create practical value with experience and wisdom.By understanding and analyzing the process of L teachers’ professional development,the influencing factors of their professional development are summarized as follows :(1)macro level: national teacher education policy,social environment factor;(2)meso level: pre-service learning environment,school growth environment,teacher team,family factor;(3)micro level: key person and event factor,individual internal factor,among which individual internal factor is the most critical,including professional identity,independent professional development consciousness and ability,educational belief and educational sentiment,personality characteristic,physiological factor and so on.Based on the above analysis,this paper sums up the experience enlightenment and promotion strategies that are beneficial to the positive construction of PE teachers’ professional development :(1)the social and state management departments should actively support and promote PE teachers’ professional development,including perfecting the professional development system,innovating training mode and optimizing development evaluation;(2)normal colleges and universities should give full play to the functions of cultivating PE education talents,including cultivating the professional emotional identity of PE normal students,professional knowledge and skills,and physical education teaching literacy;(3)Teaching schools should strengthen humanistic care for PE teachers,pay attention to the construction of education and teaching atmosphere and the edification of campus culture,pay attention to the construction of cooperative community of teachers’ learning,strengthen school-based training,and provide as many professional development platforms and opportunities as possible;(4)the family should be able to give full understanding and support to PE teachers’ work;(5)Individual physical education teachers should love and work hard,including enhancing their professional identity,strengthening their educational beliefs and maintaining a positive attitude;they should achieve full professional consciousness,including enhancing their sense of independent development,learning to do professional development planning,upgrading their professional knowledge and skills,grasping correct teaching principles,and consciously seeking cooperative exchanges;and individuals who wish to achieve effective professional development need to explore the path of lifelong learning,regular and diversified reflection,teaching and research.更多还原