【作者】 邓华；

【导师】 李华胤；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 政治学， 2022， 硕士

【副题名】基于川东D村“六手印记”案例的考察

【摘要】 随着项目资源大量流入村庄,村级民主决策的重要性愈发凸显。本文以四川省D村“六手印记”新型决策机制为研究对象,从该机制的产生、运行和结果三个层面依次展开,试图探究村庄在既有民主决策机制下继续深化决策创新的内在动因,以及相较于D村尝试的其他方式,“六手印记”如何实现决策有效,从而推动项目顺利落地。论文以村民参与和决策有效为主线,以决策系统内在要素为关键分析点,在实证研究的基础上考察影响村级民主决策有效的内在要素。首先,描述了 D村以村民代表会议为核心的决策模式的运行状态,分别从决策主体、决策程序和决策结果三方面分析其决策为何低效;并呈现D村通过增加决策主体、嵌入协商环节等方式,最终形成“六手印记”决策机制的过程。其次,以藕塘基地项目为背景,基于程序启动、商讨论证和结果形成的事实过程,考察了“六手印记”决策机制的运行,并从决策背景、决策主体、决策内容、决策规则、决策程序、决策成本、决策风险和决策结果等维度分析其内在机制。最后,从推动项目顺利落地、优化村庄权力结构和重构村庄公共秩序三个方面阐释了“六手印记”提升村庄决策效能的内在进路。研究发现,第一,“六手印记”决策机制本质上是一种遵循事本主义的“项目制协商决策”,这种以项目为中心运转的决策机制能够打破现有决策活动以制度为中心的形式化趋向,从而实现决策有效。第二,通过深入探究村级决策的内在机理发现,决策主体的代表性和决策过程的共识性能够通过影响村民参与有效性,进而影响决策有效性。且代表性优先于共识性,缺失代表性的共识是虚假共识,其合法性存疑。第三,为进一步提升民主决策的代表性和共识性,可以通过变革选举单位、引入抽签民主和嵌入协商环节等方式,激活以村民代表会议为核心的村级民主决策过程,推动实现决策有效。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the influx of project resources into villages,the importance of village-level democratic decision-making is becoming increasingly prominent.This paper takes the new decision-making mechanism of "six-hand imprint" in Village D of Sichuan Province as the research object,and starts from the three levels of the mechanism’s generation,operation and results,trying to find the internal motivation of the village’s continued deepening of decision-making innovation under the existing democratic decision-making mechanism,and compared with other methods tried by Village D,how does the "six hand imprints"enable effective decision-making to drive projects to fruition.This thesis focuses on villagers’ participation and effective decision-making,takes the internal elements of the decision-making system as the key analysis point,and examines the internal elements that affect the effective democratic decision-making at the village level on the basis of empirical research.Firstly,it describes the operation status of the decision-making model in Village D with the villager representative meeting as the core,and analyzes why the decision-making is inefficient from three aspects:decision-making subjects,decision-making procedures and decision-making results;and present the process of forming the "six hand imprints" decision-making mechanism in Village D by increasing the number of decision-making subjects and embedding the consultation process.Secondly,taking the lotus pond base project as the background,based on the factual process of program initiation,negotiation and demonstration,and result formation,the operation of the "six-hand imprint" decision-making mechanism was examined,and the decisionmaking background,decision-making subject,decision-making content,decision-making rules,and decision-making procedures were analyzed.,decision cost,decision risk,decision result and other dimensions to analyze its internal mechanism.Finally,from the three aspects of promoting the smooth implementation of the project,optimizing the power structure of the village and reconstructing the public order of the village,the internal approach of the "six hand imprints" to improve the decision-making efficiency of the village is explained.The study found that,first,the decision-making mechanism of the "six-hand imprint"is essentially a project-based deliberative decision-making mechanism that follows the principle of fact.This project-centered decision-making mechanism can break the tendency of the existing system-centered formalization of decision-making activities,thus achieving effective decision-making.Second,through in-depth exploration of the internal mechanism of village-level decision-making,it is found that the representativeness of decision-making subjects and the consensus of decision-making process can affect the effectiveness of decision-making by influencing the effectiveness of villagers’participation.Representation takes precedence over consensus,and consensus without representation is false consensus and has no legitimacy.Third,in order to further enhance the representativeness and consensus of democratic decision-making,the village-level democratic decision-making process with the villager representative meeting as the core can be activated by means of reforming the electoral unit,introducing lottery democracy,and embedding consultation links,so as to promote the realization of effective decisionmaking.更多还原