民法典居住权制度研究

【作者】 王璐；

【导师】 申建平；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 法学， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 居住权源于罗马法,是一项具有人身专属性的权利。居住权制度设立的初衷是为了保障家长制下“无夫权”婚姻的弱势女性和被解放的奴隶。大陆法系和英美法系国家均在此基础上对居住权制度进行了继承和发展。我国民法典在物权编规定了居住权制度,这标志着我国居住权制度的正式确立。居住权作为我国新设的一种物权,与其相关的法律制度衔接依旧是实践中需要重点关注的问题,尤其是居住权设立方式较为单一、居住权制度配套的法律规定不完善、居住权消灭事由不够全面等问题仍需解决。因此,在未来的司法实践中,可以考虑增设居住权法定和裁定的设立方式,明确遗嘱设立居住权的登记效力;还可以完善居住权主体范围、客体范围方面的法律规定,并增加撤销权平衡双方权利义务;也可以从居住权被撤销、居住权期间届满等角度明确居住权消灭的法定事由。希望通过上述建议能够更好地发挥我国居住权制度的功能价值,满足人民群众对美好安居生活的新期待。更多还原

【Abstract】 The right of residence is derived from Roman law and is a personal right.The original intention of the residency system was to protect vulnerable women and emancipated slaves who were married "without husband’s rights" under the patriarchal system.Both civil law and common law countries have inherited and developed the residency system on this basis.my country’s current Civil Code also clearly stipulates the right of residence system in the property rights section,which indicates that the state is paying attention to the problem of housing difficulties for special groups in society.As a newly established property right in my country,the connection between the right of residence and its related legal system is still a problem that needs to be paid attention to in practice,especially the establishment of the right of residence is relatively simple,the legal provisions supporting the right of residence system need to be improved,and the right of residence is to be improved.Issues such as the lack of comprehensive reasons for elimination still need to be resolved.Therefore,in the future judicial practice,it is possible to consider the establishment of legal and adjudication methods for the right of residence,to clarify the registration effect of the will to establish the right of residence;it is also possible to improve the legal provisions on the scope of the subject and object of the right of residence,and to increase the balance of the right of revocation.The rights and obligations of both parties;the legal reasons for the extinction of the right of residence may also be clarified from the perspective of revocation of the grantee of the right of residence,expiration of the period of the right of residence,etc.It is hoped that through the above suggestions,the functional value of my country’s residency system can be better brought into play,and the people’s new expectations for a better and more peaceful life can be met.更多还原