【作者】 李薇；

【导师】 葛才林； 高静怡；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 随着教育部提出“加强相关学科课标教材纵向衔接、推动跨学段育人”的要求,研究不同学段间的教学衔接变得非常迫切。我国义务教育学段分为小学和初中两段,其中小学科学课程为科学启蒙课程,初中科学相关课程为科学入门课程,是小学科学课程的延续和继承。初中生物作为初中科学相关课程的一个重要分支,与小学科学之间存在紧密联系,研究两者间的教学衔接具有重要价值。教学衔接的相关研究中,教学内容衔接具有较强的实践意义,本文着重研究初中生物与小学科学教学内容之间的衔接。本文运用文献研究法,了解初中生物与小学科学教学衔接的研究现状,并对初中生物与小学科学的课程标准与教材进行衔接研究。本文通过问卷调查法,对太仓地区初中生物教师和初中学生进行调查,了解初中生物与小学科学的衔接情况。本文通过教育实验法和访谈调查法,对初中生物与小学科学的衔接教学方案进行实践和分析。通过了解初中生物与小学科学教学衔接的研究现状,发现对于这两门课程的衔接研究比较少,进而确定研究课题并明确研究内容。本文从初中生物与小学科学课程标准的衔接、教材内容的衔接、衔接现状的调查、教学内容的衔接四方面逐步展开研究。通过对初中生物与小学科学课程标准的比较研究,发现两者在课程性质、课程理念、课程目标、课程内容等方面具有连贯性,为教学内容衔接研究提供了理论支持。通过对教材的比较研究,发现各地区使用的教材存在差异。目前对于太仓地区使用的苏科版《生物学(2012版)》与教科版《科学(2017版)》教材衔接的研究存在缺失,本文以这两版教材为研究对象。通过研究这两版教材发现,两者在教材内容上存在较多衔接点,为教学内容的衔接研究提供了依据和突破口。通过调查初中生物与小学科学的衔接现状,发现初中生物教师师资紧缺但教学认真、对初小衔接态度积极但对小学科学内容了解不深等情况;发现初中学生对初中生物与小学科学衔接的态度积极、小学科学基础良好但有部分知识遗忘需要教师引导迁移等情况。问卷调查结果为教学内容的衔接研究提供了数据支持。结合上述研究,本文设计了初中生物与小学科学的衔接教学方案并进行教学实践,结合教学实践和访谈调查结果,发现衔接教学能显著提高初中学生生物成绩及初中生物教学效率。在此基础上对初中生物与小学科学教学内容的衔接提出四点建议:(1)加强初中生物教师师资力量。(2)促进初中生物教师研究小学科学的课程标准与教材内容。(3)构建初中生物教师与小学科学教师的交流平台。(4)巧妙设计衔接教学方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the Ministry of Education’s requirement of "strengthening the vertical connection of related curriculum standards and teaching materials and promoting cross-sectional education",it has become very urgent to study the teaching connection between different periods.China’s compulsory education curriculum is divided into primary school and junior high school sections,in which the science curriculum in primary school is an introductory science curriculum and the science-related curriculums in junior high school are the continuation and succession of the science curriculum in primary school.As an important branch of science-related curriculums in junior high school,biology curriculum in junior high school is closely related to science curriculum in primary school,and it is of great value to study the teaching connection between the science curriculum in primary school and biology curriculum in junior high school.Among the studies related to teaching connection,connection of teaching content has strong practical significance.Therefore,this paper focused on the connection of teaching content between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school.In this paper,the literature research method was used to understand the current situation of research on the teaching connection between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school,and the curriculum standards and teaching materials were studied of the two curriculums.In this paper,a questionnaire survey on junior high school biology teachers and junior high school students in Taicang area was conducted to understand the situation of the connection between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school.In this paper,the connected teaching programs of biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school were practiced and analyzed through the educational experiment and interview survey.By understanding the current status of research on the teaching connection between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school,few studies were found on the connection of these two curriculums,and then the research topic was identified and the research content was clarified.In this paper,the connection research is gradually carried out from four aspects:the connection of curriculum standards,the connection of textbook contents,the investigation of the current situation of connection,and the connection of teaching content between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school.Through studying the curriculum standards of biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school,it was found that these two curriculums had coherence in the curriculum nature,curriculum concept,curriculum objective,and curriculum content,which provided theoretical support for the connection of teaching content.By studying the teaching materials,it was found that there were differences in the teaching materials used in each region.There was a lack of research on the connection between the textbook of Biology(2012 edition)of the Suke edition and the textbook of Science(2017 edition)of the Jiaoke edition used in Taicang region,and this paper took these two editions as the objects of study.Through studying these two editions,it was found that there were many connection points in the content of the two textbooks,which provided practical feasibility and breakthroughs for the connection of teaching content.By investigating the current situation of the connection between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school,it was found that biology curriculum in junior high school was shortage of teachers but biology teachers taught seriously,and biology teachers had a positive attitude towards the connection between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school but did not have a deep understanding of primary school science content.At the same time,it was found that junior high school students had a good foundation in primary school science curriculum but some knowledge was forgotten and needed to be transferred under the guidance of teachers,and students had a positive attitude towards the connection between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school.The results of the questionnaire survey provided data support for the study of teaching content connection.Combined with the above research,this paper designed the connected teaching programs of biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school,and the connected teaching programs were carried out.Combined with teaching practice and interview survey results,it was found that the connected teaching could significantly improve the biology performance of students and the efficiency of biology teaching in junior high school.On this basis,four suggestions were made for the connection of teaching content between biology curriculum in junior high school and science curriculum in primary school:(1)Strengthen the capacity of junior high school biology teachers.(2)Promote biology teachers in junior high school to study the curriculum standards and textbook contents of science curriculum in primary school.(3)Build a platform for communication between biology teachers in junior high school and science teachers in primary school.(4)Cleverly design connected teaching programs.更多还原