【作者】 王欢；

【导师】 毛立新；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料科学与工程， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 氢化丁腈橡胶是一种综合性能优异的特种弹性体材料,具有耐高温、耐油、耐老化等性能特点。但耐油性和耐低温性的矛盾成为制约氢化丁腈橡胶扩大应用的局限之一。本论文通过环氧开环改性和接枝改性的方法,制备官能化氢化丁腈橡胶接枝共聚物,减少氢化丁腈橡胶耐油与耐低温性的矛盾,论文主要研究内容如下:1.采用过氧乙酸法对丁腈橡胶进行环氧化改性,再通过催化加氢改性制备环氧化氢化丁腈橡胶,探讨了环氧化及氢化改性对环氧化氢化丁腈橡胶制备及结构的影响;再用溴代羧酸与其进行开环反应,制备溴代氢化丁腈酯,主要研究了不同链长的溴代羧酸对开环率以及结构的影响。采用1H-NMR、FT-IR、DSC、TGA等对产物进行表征,得到随着酯基侧链长度的增加,玻璃化转变温度逐渐降低。研究了溴代氢化丁腈酯橡胶硫化胶的性能,结果表明溴代氢化丁腈酯橡胶硫化胶的耐油性大大提高,且硫化胶的硫化时间比氢化丁腈橡胶硫化胶的硫化时间缩短了 1/2～3/4。2.采用自由基乳液聚合方法,以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,腰果酚作为接枝单体,对氢化丁腈橡胶进行接枝改性,制备氢化丁腈/腰果酚接枝共聚物,主要研究了接枝反应对接枝共聚物的结构及性能的影响。并通过1H-NMR、FT-IR以及DSC测试对产物进行表征,结果表明随着接枝率增加,氢化丁腈/腰果酚接枝共聚物的玻璃化转变温度逐渐降低,当接枝率为18.9%时,玻璃化温度降低到-31℃。同时发现接枝共聚物的耐油性能提高,尤其在15#航空液压油中的质量变化率均在5%以下。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrogenated nitrile rubber is a special elastomer material with excellent comprehensive performance,which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance,oil resistance,and aging resistance.However,the contradiction between oil resistance and low temperature resistance has become one of the limitations restricting the expansion of the application of hydrogenated nitrile rubber.In this study,we prepared functionalized hydrogenated NBR graft copolymers by epoxy ring opening modification and graft modification.The aim was to reduce the conflict between oil resistance and low temperature resistance of hydrogenated NBR.The research of this thesis has the following main parts:1.The epoxidation of nitrile rubber was modified by acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide,and then the epoxidation and hydrogenation were modified by catalytic hydrogenation to prepare epoxy-hydrogenated nitrile rubber,and the effects of epoxidation and hydrogenation modification on the preparation and structure of epoxy-hydrogenated nitrile rubber were investigated;then the brominated carboxylic acid was used for ring-opening reaction with it to prepare brominated hydrogenated nitrile ester,and the effects of different chain lengths of brominated carboxylic acid on the ring-opening rate and structure were mainly studied.The products were characterized by 1H-NMR,FT-IR,DSC and TGA,and the glass transition temperature was obtained to decrease gradually with the increase of the ester group side chain length.The properties of brominated hydrogenated nitrile ester rubber vulcanizates were studied,and the results showed that the oil resistance of brominated hydrogenated nitrile ester rubber vulcanizates was greatly improved,and the vulcanization time of the vulcanizates was shortened by 1/2～3/4 compared with that of hydrogenated nitrile rubber vulcanizates.2.The hydrogenated NBR was modified by grafting with benzoyl peroxide as initiator and cashew phenol as grafting monomer using free radical emulsion polymerization method to prepare hydrogenated NBR/cashew phenol graft copolymer,and the effect of grafting reaction on the structure and properties of the graft copolymer was mainly studied.The products were also characterized by 1H-NMR,FT-IR and DSC tests.The results showed that the glass transition temperature of the hydrogenated nitrile/cashew phenol graft copolymer decreased gradually with the increase of the grafting rate,and the glass transition temperature decreased to-31℃ when the grafting rate was 18.9%.It was also found that the graft copolymers showed improved oil resistance,especially in 15#aviation hydraulic fluid,where the mass change rate was below 5%.更多还原