【作者】 李春江；

【导师】 杨利芳；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 设计学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国生活水平与医疗条件的提高,外科执业医师与手术数量逐年增加,对外科医师的手术作业能力要求日益提高。为了提高外科手术的效率与质量,对外科手术作业过程进行分析和研究十分重要。目前我国关于手部人机工程学的研究相对较少,对于外科手术中的作业能力与相关人机工程学分析更是少之又少。本文从手作业能力评价出发,以外科基础器械及训练为研究对象,分析手术过程中手部的基本动作,通过模拟实验测试相关手部基础能力及外科基础操作能力,建立了衡量二者间关系的数学模型。为外科手术训练的优化、手术器具的设计、医学生的筛选提供了参考。首先,对手术过程进行调研。由于外科手术的特殊性,本文采用手术视频分析、基础教辅资料参考、专业人士访谈来获取所需信息。对得到的信息进行相关性分析,确定后续的动作研究及实验的研究方向。其次,分析外科手术中基础器械及动作,对外科手术中基本操作做出了归纳整理,并完成了基于决策树模型的动作分类。随后,对各动作分类设计相应模拟实验,通过实验测量被试手部基础能力与外科操作能力,获得实验数据。最后,基于所得实验数据通过多元线性回归及多种机器算法分别构建了参数模型与非参数模型,并利用决定系数及均方根误差等参数对所得模型进行评价比较,获得拟合优度最佳的数学模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of living standards and medical conditions in China,the number of surgical practitioners and operations has been increasing year by year,and the requirements for surgical operation ability of surgeons have been increasing day by day.To improve the efficiency and quality of surgical operation,it is very important to analyze and study the surgical operation process.At present,there are relatively little researches on hand ergonomics in China,and there are even less researches on operational ability and related ergonomics in surgery.In this paper,starting from the evaluation of hand operation ability,the basic hand movements during surgery were analyzed with the basic surgical instruments and training as the research objects,and the related hand basic ability and surgical basic operation ability were tested through simulation experiments,and a mathematical model was established to measure the relationship between them.It provides a reference for the optimization of surgical training,the design of surgical instruments,and the selection of medical students.First,the surgical procedure was investigated.Due to the particularity of surgical operations,this paper adopts surgical video analysis,reference of basic teaching resources,and interviews with professionals to obtain the required information.A preliminary analysis of the information was made to determine the direction of the subsequent motion research and experiments.Secondly,the basic instruments and movements in surgery were analyzed,the basic operations in surgery were summarized and sorted out,and the movement classification based on the decision tree model was completed.Then,the corresponding simulation experiments were designed for each movement classification,and the experimental data were obtained by measuring the basic hand ability and surgical operation ability of the subjects.Finally,based on the experimental data obtained,a parametric model and a non-parametric model were constructed by multiple linear regression and a variety of machine algorithms,and the parameters such as determination coefficient and root-mean-square error were used to evaluate and compare the obtained models,and the mathematical model with the best goodness of fit was found.更多还原