【作者】 赵颖；

【导师】 段梦兰；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学(北京) ， 机械工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球经济的发展,对能源的需求不断提高,石油与天然气的消费量也随之增加,促进了其勘探开发的大发展。海洋油气储量巨大,世界各国都增加了对海洋石油的开采投入力度,但是海洋环境和地层条件的特殊性增加了海洋钻井的难度。气侵是钻井过程中易发生的事故,如果不能提早发现,及时采取措施,会造成严重的井喷事故。因此本文针对钻井中的气侵问题进行研究,在传统方法的基础上引入数据驱动的方法,从钻井过程中产生的数据出发,找到一个能够更及时更有效的解决气侵问题的方法。本文主要包括以下研究内容:(1)深入分析气侵发生的原因及其征兆,对气侵发生时井内压力的变化进行研究。(2)对录井数据在气侵前、中、后期不同阶段的变化情况进行研究,并对数据进行预处理。(3)找出适用于本问题的机器学习算法,对深水气侵进行早期预警。(4)对气侵的严重程度进行等级划分,找出不同程度下录井参数的变化特征。(5)研究国内外气侵事故的应对措施,找出不同等级气侵事故对应的应对策略。本研究有利于在钻井过程中,更快速更准确地对气侵采取有效措施,防止更加严重事故的发生,保障了钻井作业的安全,提高了钻井速度,具有重大意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the global economy,the demand for energy is increasing,and the consumption of oil and gas has also increased,which has promoted the development of exploration and development.Due to the huge reserves of offshore oil and gas,countries around the world have increased their investment in the exploitation of offshore oil.However,due to the particularity of the marine environment and formation conditions,it has increased the difficulty of offshore drilling.If improperly controlled,overflow blowout accidents may occur.Gas kick is an accident that easily occurs during drilling.If it is not detected early and timely,it will cause a serious blowout accident.Therefore,this paper studies gas kick,and introduces a data-driven method based on the traditional method.Starting from the data generated during the drilling process,a method can be found to solve the gas kick problem in a more timely and effective manner.It mainly includes the following research contents:(1)In-depth analysis of the causes and signs of gas kick,and study on the changes in well pressure when gas kick occurs.(2)Study the changes of logging data in different stages before,during and after gas kick,and pre-process the data.(3)Find out the machine learning algorithm applicable to this problem and provide early warning of deepwater gas kick.(4)Classify the severity of gas kick and find out the characteristics of logging parameters at different levels.(5)Study the countermeasures for gas kick accidents at home and abroad,and find out the corresponding strategies for different levels of gas kick accidents.This study is beneficial to take effective measures against gas kick more quickly and accurately during the drilling process,prevent more serious accidents,ensure the safety of drilling operations,and increase the drilling speed,which is of great significance.更多还原