【作者】 王瑶；

【导师】 贾顺平；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 随着城市发展,交通客流需求越来越多。Y型线通过支线延伸来扩大辐射范围,串联客流集散点。但目前Y型线交路方案的编制主要考虑的是运力能否满足断面客流需求,忽视了车辆内部和站台的乘客安全问题。此外,目前关于Y型线不同交路方案的适用性分析不够深入。所以本文主要探讨了Y型线不同交路方案的适用条件,以及列车和站台负荷的安全边界条件。主要工作和结论包括:(1)分析了Y型线的四种交路方案及其影响因素,总结了国内外轨道交通Y型线案例及其运营组织方式,为Y型线列车交路计划编制奠定了基础。(2)考虑到乘客不同的出行选择行为偏好,设定主支线交路的发车频率呈整数倍且主支线交路重合区间均匀发车,以乘客和企业的总成本最小为目标函数,建立了Y型线列车交路计划编制模型。通过算例验证了模型的有效性。用直通客流比例η(支线前往主线的客流量和支线内部客流量的比值)来刻画Y型线的客流结构,用优先选择直达的乘客所占比例p来刻画乘客的选择行为偏好。对η和p进行灵敏度分析,对η和p分别取值,交叉组合共121种情景,得到不同情景下的最优交路方案。结果显示,客流结构和乘客选择行为都会对最优交路方案造成影响。当只改变直通客流比例η时,随着η增大,最优交路方案从支线独立运营变为组合运营,最后变为支线贯通运营。当只改变乘客选择行为p时,随着p增大,最优交路方案从组合运营变为支线贯通运营。(3)结合Y型线列车组织方式,提出了支线贯通运营方案下列车最大满载率的计算方法,校核了列车负荷。原始案例中列车满载率小于100%。通过灵敏度分析发现,随着直通客流比例增加,列车最大满载率呈上升趋势;随着优先选择直达的乘客所占比例增加,列车最大满载率呈下降趋势;随着客流规模增加,列车最大满载率呈上升趋势,当客流规模增加75%时,列车最大满载率开始超过100%。(4)将站台的聚集乘客划分为进站乘客、出站乘客和换乘乘客。基于列车周期性到达的规律,分析不同类型乘客在站台的聚集人数变化情况。在列车发车间隔恒定的条件下,提出了Y型线支线贯通运营方案下各站台的最大聚集人数计算方法。用站台聚集人数和站台安全容量的比值来表示站台容客率。研究表明,随着直通客流比例η的增加,站台容客率不断增大,站台安全水平不断下降;随着优先选择直达的乘客所占比例p的增加,站台容客率不断降低。原始案例中,p为0.5,η为3.27,此时站台容客率处于安全范围。但是当p降低到0.4,或是η增加到4时,站台容客率开始超出安全阈值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the city,the demand of passenger flow is more and more.The Y-type line expands the radiation scope through the extension of the branch line and connects passenger flow.But at present,the train routing scheme of Y-type line mainly considers whether the transport capacity can meet the passenger flow demand of the section,and ignores the passenger safety problems in the vehicle interior and platform.In addition,the applicability analysis of different routing schemes for Y-type line is not deep enough.Therefore,this paper mainly discusses the applicable conditions of different routing schemes of Y-type line,as well as the safety boundary conditions of train and platform load.The main work and conclusions are as follows:(1)The paper analyzes four routing schemes and its influencing factors of Y-type line,summarizes the cases of Y-type line of rail transit and its operation organization mode at home and abroad,which lay the foundation for the compilation of train routing plan for Y-type line.(2)Taking into account the different passenger behavior,the paper sets the departure frequency of main and branch routes as an integral multiple and the overlapping interval of main and branch routes as a uniform departure,and takes the minimum total cost of passengers and enterprise as the objective function to establish the train routing planning model of Y-type line.The effectiveness of the model is verified by an example.The proportion of through passenger flow(the ratio of the passenger flow from the branch line to the main line and the internal passenger flow of the branch line)is used to describe the passenger flow structure of the Y-type line,and the proportion p of the passengers preferentially choosing through passenger flow is used to describe the choice behavior preference of the passengers.The sensitivity analysis of η and p is carried out,and the values of η and p are taken respectively.A total of 121 scenarios are cross combined to obtain the optimal routing scheme under different scenarios.The results show that passenger flow structure and passenger choice behavior will affect the optimal routing scheme.When only increasing the proportion of through passenger flow,the optimal routing scheme changes from independent operation to combined operation,and finally to through operation.When only the passenger choice behavior is changed,with the increase of p,the optimal routing scheme changes from combined operation to through operation.(3)Combined with the train operation organization mode of Y-type line,the calculation method of the maximum full load rate of the train under the through operation scheme of the branch line is proposed,and the train load is checked.In the original case,the train full load rate is less than 100%.Through the sensitivity analysis,it is found that with the increase of the proportion of through passenger flow,the maximum full load rate of the train shows an upward trend;with the increase of the proportion of the priority direct passengers,the maximum full load rate of the train shows a downward trend;with the increase of the scale of passenger flow,the maximum full load rate of the train shows an upward trend;when the scale of passenger flow increases by 75%,the maximum full load rate of the train begins to exceed 100%.(4)The gathered passengers are divided into inbound passengers,outbound passengers and transfer passengers.Based on the rule of periodic arrival of trains,the change of the number of different types of passengers gathered at the platform is analyzed.Under the condition of constant departure interval of trains,this paper puts forward the calculation method of the maximum number of people gathered at each platform under the independent operation scheme of Y-type line.The ratio of the number of people gathered on the platform and the safety capacity of the platform is used to express the capacity of the platform.The research shows that with the increase of the proportion η of through passenger flow,the capacity rate of the platform increases and the safety level of the platform decreases;with the increase of the proportion p of the priority direct passenger flow,the capacity rate of the platform decreases.In the original case,p is 0.5,η is 3.27.At this time,the capacity of the platform is in the safe range.However,when p decreases to 0.4 or η increases to 4,the platform capacity begins to exceed the safety threshold.更多还原