【作者】 陈洪涛；

【导师】 王福田；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 智能运输系统技术（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 轨道不平顺是引起车辆与轨道振动的主要激扰源,及时掌握轨道不平顺的状态,对保障列车运行的安全性与平稳性具有重要意义。本文通过对国内外利用车体振动加速度对轨道不平顺检测方法的研究现状分析,结合城市轨道交通轨道不平顺状态检测的实际需求,提出了一种基于车体振动加速度数据诊断轨道不平顺状态的诊断方法。首先,利用相干分析方法确定了车体振动加速度与各项轨道不平顺指标之间的相关性。结果表明车体垂向振动加速度的产生与轨道高低不平顺有较高的相关性,车体横向振动加速度的产生与轨向不平顺的相关性较高。其次,构建了基于小波分析理论的轨道几何不平顺诊断方法。利用连续小波变换分析车体振动加速度信号中的主要频段分布,分析各频段信号的特征,确定与轨道不平顺病害相关的频带范围。利用离散小波变换对车体振动加速度信号进行分解,与轨检车检测得到的轨道不平顺病害数据作对比,确定与轨道不平顺病害相关联的频带,对相关的频带进行重构。对重构后的车体振动加速度信号以20 m为一个轨道单元,统计在不同速度等级下,轨道不平顺与车体振动加速度之间的关联规则,并以此作为诊断轨道不平顺病害是否存在的标准。利用北京地铁1号线下行的检测数据,对提出的轨道不平顺诊断方法进行了验证,结果表明该诊断方法可以满足现场的实际需求。最后,基于本文对轨道不平顺诊断的研究成果,作者设计并开发了基于车体振动加速度的轨道不平顺诊断分析系统。对系统的功能模块及数据库进行了设计,并基于设计方案利用相应的开发工具完成了系统开发。利用北京地铁1号线的车体振动加速度的实际检测数据和轨道不平顺病害诊断数据对系统的功能进行了验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Track irregularity is the main excitation source of vehicle and track vibration.It is of great significance to grasp the state of track irregularity in time to ensure the safety and stability of train operation.Based on the analysis of the research status of track irregularity detection methods based on vehicle body vibration acceleration at home and abroad,combined with the actual needs of urban rail transit track irregularity detection,this paper proposes a diagnostic analysis method for track irregularity diagnosis using vehicle body vibration acceleration data.Firstly,the correlation between vehicle vibration acceleration and various track irregularity indexes is determined by using the coherence analysis method.The results show that the vertical vibration acceleration of the car body has a high correlation with the track height and low irregularity,and the lateral vibration acceleration of the car body has a high correlation with the track irregularity.Secondly,the track geometric irregularity diagnosis method based on wavelet analysis theory is constructed.The main frequency band distribution of vehicle body vibration acceleration signal is analyzed by continuous wavelet transform,and the characteristics of each frequency band signal are analyzed to determine the frequency band range related to track irregularity.The discrete wavelet transform is used to decompose the vibration acceleration signal of the vehicle body.Compared with the track irregularity disease data detected by the track inspection vehicle,the frequency band related to the track irregularity disease is determined and the relevant frequency band is reconstructed.The reconstructed vehicle body vibration acceleration signal is taken 20 m as a track unit,and the association rules between track irregularity and vehicle body vibration acceleration are counted under different speed levels,which are used as the diagnostic criteria for track irregularity diseases.Using the detection data of Beijing Metro Line 1,the determined track irregularity diagnosis method is verified.The results show that the diagnosis method can meet the actual needs of the site.Finally,based on the research results of track irregularity diagnosis in this paper,the authors designed and developed a track irregularity diagnosis and analysis system based on vehicle vibration acceleration.The functional modules and database of the system are designed,and the system development is completed by using the corresponding development tools based on the design scheme.The function of the system is verified by using the actual test data of the vehicle vibration acceleration of Beijing Metro Line1 and the diagnostic data of track irregularities.更多还原