【作者】 李静；

【导师】 贾影；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 建筑与土木工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 对处于一带一路核心区且与三国相邻的新疆来说,修建房屋等基础建设是必需的,而新疆严峻的风沙环境使得该地区的建筑物基础设施在生命周期中频繁遭受沙尘暴的侵蚀,降低了混凝土建筑物耐久度的同时,严重得影响了建筑物的安全性。在我国的强风沙地区,建筑物往往不只承受风荷载,在风沙运动和沙漠堆积物产生的环境背景下,建筑物还需抵抗风沙荷载。本文基于此现状,研究风沙环境中建筑群的风沙压力分布及分析其影响规律:(1)研究风沙环境下单栋房屋结构表面的风沙荷载,研究挟沙风的速度、挟沙粒径、沙粒密度、建筑高度、建筑宽度、建筑长度对混凝土构筑物单栋建筑物迎风面、背风面及顶面压力变化,得到各种参数对单栋建筑物风沙荷载的影响;(2)建立单排多栋建筑物模型,研究间距、建筑长度、建筑宽度、建筑高度等参数对多栋建筑物之间相互干扰作用的影响;建立不同间距、不同建筑物长度、宽度、高度的建筑群,研究其在风沙环境下风沙压力变化,与相同环境下单栋建筑物表面的风沙压力作对比,研究建筑群间的风沙荷载的相互干扰作用;(3)建立单列多栋建筑物模型,研究间距、建筑物长度等参数对多栋建筑物之间遮挡作用的影响,建立不同间距、建筑长度下的建筑群,研究其风沙压力变化,与单栋建筑物表面的风沙压力对比研究多栋建筑物之间的遮挡作用;(4)建立多排多列建筑群模型,模拟其在风沙环境下建筑物相互的遮挡干扰作用,与单排多栋建筑物和单列多栋建筑物进行对比,研究群栋建筑物在风沙环境下的相互作用。并基于以上建筑群之间的风沙压力变化结果进行分析,得出初步结论,并对强风沙地区的建筑物结构群提出以下建议:(1)在建筑物表面使用防风蚀建材,尤其是底部位置高度3m内,抵抗风沙对建筑物表面的风沙压力,避免产生风蚀现象;(2)适当增大建筑物长度和建筑物宽度,可有效降低建筑物表面风沙压力;(3)适当增大相邻建筑物的间距和相邻建筑物的高度,以减小建筑群中相邻建筑物间表面风沙压力的增大效应;(4)适当增大前后排建筑物的间距,以减弱建筑群中前排建筑物间对后排建筑物的遮挡作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 For Xinjiang,which is located in the core area of the One Belt One Road and adjacent to the three countries,it is necessary to build housing and other infrastructure.Xinjiang’s severe wind and sand environment makes the building infrastructure in this area frequently suffer from the erosion of sandstorms during the life cycle,which reduces While improving the durability of concrete buildings,it seriously affects the safety of buildings.In my country’s strong wind and sand areas,buildings often not only bear wind loads,but under the environmental background of wind sand movement and desert deposits,buildings also need to resist wind sand loads.Based on this situation,this paper studies the distribution of wind-sand pressure in the building group in the wind-sand environment and analyzes its influence law:(1)Study the wind-sand load on the surface of the single-family house structure under the wind-sand environment,study the speed of the sand-carrying wind,the sandcarrying particle size,the sand density,the height of the building,the width of the building,the length of the building,and the effect of the concrete structure on the single building Changes in pressure on the windward,leeward,and top surfaces of objects,and obtain the influence of various parameters on the wind and sand load of a single building;(2)Establish a single-row multi-building model to study the interference effects of parameters such as spacing,building length,building width,and building height on multiple buildings;establish different spacing,different building length,width,For buildings with high heights,study the wind-sand pressure changes in the wind-sand environment,compare them with the wind-sand pressure on the surface of a single building in the same environment,and study the mutual interference between the building groups in the wind-sand environment;(3)Establish a single-row multi-building model,study the shielding effect of parameters such as spacing and building length on multiple buildings,establish building groups with different spacing and building lengths,and study their wind-sand pressure in a sandy environment Change,and compare with the wind and sand pressure on the surface of single-family buildings to study the shielding effect between multiple buildings;(4)Establish a multi-row and multi-column building group model to simulate the mutual shielding and interference effects of buildings in a sandstorm environment,compare it with single-row multi-buildings and single-row multi-buildings,and study group buildings in wind-sand environment The interaction.And based on the analysis of the results of the sand pressure changes between the above building groups,preliminary conclusions are drawn,and the following suggestions are made for the building structure groups in the strong wind and sand areas:(1)Use wind-proof building materials on the surface of the building,especially the bottom part(within 3m),to resist the wind-sand pressure on the surface of the building and avoid wind erosion;(2)Appropriately increasing the length and width of the building can effectively reduce the wind and sand pressure on the surface of the building;(3)Appropriately increase the distance between adjacent buildings to the increasing effect of wind and sand pressure on the surface between adjacent buildings in the group of buildings;(4)Appropriately increase the distance between the front and rear rows of buildings to reduce the shielding effect of the front rows of buildings on the back rows of buildings in the complex.更多还原