【作者】 孙斌；

【导师】 赵颂； 王双；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 化学工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 油水分离网膜材料因分离效率高、无二次污染、操作简单等特点,受到当今学者的广泛关注。然而在现实环境中,油水分离网膜材料寿命短、耐用性差,因此难以投入实际应用。为提高其耐用性和使用寿命,制备具有较高实际应用价值的油水分离网膜材料,本文通过氧化转化法和金属有机框架化合物（MOF）改性制备超亲水油水分离不锈钢网膜,实现了长期耐用性、耐腐蚀性以及耐摩擦性油水分离材料的制备。首先,以1400目不锈钢网（SSM）作为基底,通过过硫酸铵-氢氧化钠溶液氧化和单宁酸-磷酸溶液转化,制备超亲水不锈钢网膜（SHM）,并对改性前后不锈钢网膜进行了一系列研究。与未改性不锈钢网相比,SHM表面粗糙度增加,亲水性及水下疏油性空气中静态水（WCA）接触角由112°降至0°,水下静态油接触角（UWOCA）由119°升至159°,证明氧化转化法改性后不锈钢网表面具有超亲水/水下超疏油性能。油水分离实验证明,SHM在分离不同类型的油水混合物的过程中,渗透通量达到40k～60k L.m^-2.h^-1;分离效率达到99.9%,且循环分离次数达百次以上。耐摩擦性测试结果表明,在1000-g砝码下,经过80 m磨损,SHM分离效率保持稳定。长期稳定性及耐腐蚀性测试结果表明,SHM浸泡在人工海水300天的时间里,水下静态油接触角与分离效率保持不变;浸泡在强酸或强碱性水溶液（pH 1和pH 14）15天内,分离效率保持不变。其次,以碱性过硫酸铵氧化过的不锈钢网为基底,通过NH₂-MIL-101与1,3,5-苯三甲酰氯（TMC）自组装改性制备MOF-SHM。与未改性不锈钢网相比,SHM表面粗糙度增加,亲水性及水下疏油性空气中静态水（WCA）接触角由112°降至0°,水下静态油接触角（UWOCA）由119°升至160°,证明MOF改性不锈钢网表面具有超亲水/水下超疏油性能。油水分离实验证明,SHM在分离不同类型的油水混合物的过程中,渗透通量达到45k～50k L.m^-2.h^-1;分离效率达到99.9%,且循环分离次数达百次以上。耐摩擦性测试结果表明,在100-g砝码下,经过10m磨损,SHM分离效率保持稳定。耐腐蚀性测试结果表明,SHM浸泡在强酸或强碱性水溶液（pH 1和pH 14）10 h内,分离效率保持不变。此外,润湿后MOF-SHM被颗粒灰尘和油污污染后具有自清洁能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oil-water separation materials has been widely studied by researchers in the field of water treatment because of its advantages of high efficiency,low energy consumption and simple operation.However,the practical applications are difficult due to the short life and poor durability.As it is important for practical application,this work prepared superhydrophilic stainless steel mesh through oxidization and conversion and metal-organic frameworks modification with well long-term durability and remarkable abrasion resistance.The specific work is as follows:Firstly,SHM was modified through oxidization and conversion steps.The modified mesh displays excellent superhydrophilic property with underwater oil contact angle up to 159°.The oil-water mixtures could be separated under gravity with oil rejection>99%and water permeate fluxes in the range of 40k～60k L.m^-2.h^-1.The modified mesh showed long-term durability,excellent chemical corrosive resistance,abrasion resistance and fouling resistance.It could maintain stable oil rejection and water flux even after 100 cycles separation for machine oil-water mixture,or after 300-days immersion in artificial seawater,or after 15-days immersion in corrosive acidic or alkaline solutions.Furthermore,the modified mesh exhibited impressive abrasion resistance that kept oil rejection>99%after 80 m abrasion under 1000-gram.Secondly,MOF-SHM was prepared through self-assembly of NH2-MIL-101 and TMC superhydrophilic modification of cement material.The prepared MOF-SHM has a rough surface structure and the contact angle of the underwater oil droplets reaches160°.The results show that the MOF-SHM kept oil rejection above 99.9%for oil-water mixture.Using n-hexane for cyclic separation,the number of stable cycles can reach more than 100 times.The UWOCA and oil rejection kept stable after 10-hour immersion in corrosive acidic or alkaline solutions.And the modified mesh exhibited impressive abrasion resistance that kept oil rejection>99%after 80 m abrasion under1000-gram.Moreover,the MOF-SHM can work with the contamination of micro-particles and oil phase due to the well self-cleaning ability.更多还原