【作者】 谢蓉；

【导师】 陈友玲；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 工程（物流工程）（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,全球气候变化巨大,生态环境越来越恶劣,各种自然灾害事件频发,给各国人民、政府带来的人员伤亡和经济损失不可预估。Y市每年都会暴发不同影响程度的自然灾害,灾后初期救援活动的开展和善后工作都需要大量的物资供给,但不管是在应急物流组织体系还是在应急物资配送方面,目前Y市都还存在一些不足之处亟待改进。因此,本文将主要研究自然灾害事件下Y市应急物流配送问题。首先,本文从自然灾害、应急物流、应急配送等相关基础理论入手,进而对Y市应急物流概况、自然灾害事件以及应急物流管理现状进行分析,发现Y市自然灾害频发、损失惨重,且在应急物流配送中还存在诸多问题,如缺乏专门的应急物流机构、应急物流配送体系不完善,配送环节缺乏科学性等。因此,在对Y市重大自然灾害下组织构成及其职能职责进行阐述的基础上,对增设有应急物资储备与配送部门的配送流程进行优化,并为Y市应急物流制定配送优化原则,设计Y市自然灾害应急物流配送优化方案。其次,根据配送优化设计方案,构建考虑了“孤岛”救灾点的自然灾害应急物流定位-路径优化模型,完善应急物流配送优化的情景。本文结合灾害发生后物资配送的实际目的,综合考虑配送中心容量限制、时间限制、救灾点物资需求以及不同运输工具等条件,构建以配送整体时间最短、配送整体成本最低的多配送中心、多救灾点的双目标函数,并设计了多目标寻优的混合粒子群遗传算法进行问题求解。最后,以Y市自然灾害下应急配送为背景,模拟应用分析了所构建的模型和算法,求解得出在自然灾害背景下的应急物流配送中心选择与对应的路线安排方案,同时为了保障Y市应急物流的及时配送,提出相关保障机制和措施,为Y市实际应急物流工作的顺利开展提供一定的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,the global climate has changed tremendously,the ecological environment has become worse and worse,and various natural disasters have occurred frequently,causing unpredictable casualties and economic losses to the people and governments of all countries.Natural disasters with varying degrees of impact erupt every year in Y city.The development of early post-disaster rescue activities and the aftermath require a large amount of supplies.However,whether it is in the emergency logistics organization system or in the distribution of emergency materials,there are still some in Y city.The shortcomings need to be improved urgently.Therefore,this thesis will mainly study the emergency logistics and distribution of Y city under natural disaster events.First of all,this thesis starts with relevant basic theories such as natural disasters,emergency logistics,and emergency distribution,and then analyzes the overview of emergency logistics,natural disaster events and emergency logistics management in Y city,and finds that city Y has frequent natural disasters and heavy losses,and it is in emergency logistics.There are still many problems in the distribution,such as the lack of specialized emergency logistics institutions,the incomplete emergency logistics distribution system,and the lack of scientificity in the distribution links.Therefore,on the basis of elaborating on the organization structure and its functions and responsibilities under the major natural disasters in Y City,the distribution process of the additional emergency material reserve and distribution department was optimized,and the distribution optimization principle was formulated for the emergency logistics of Y City,and the design Y city natural disaster emergency logistics distribution optimization plan.Secondly,according to the distribution optimization design plan,a natural disaster emergency logistics positioning-path optimization model considering "island" disaster relief points is constructed to improve the scenario of emergency logistics distribution optimization.This thesis combines the actual purpose of material distribution after the disaster,comprehensively considers the capacity limitation of the distribution center,time limit,the demand of disaster relief points,and different transportation means,and builds multiple distribution centers and multiple disaster relief points with the shortest overall delivery time and the lowest overall cost.It also designs a multi-objective optimization hybrid particle swarm genetic algorithm to solve the problem.Finally,based on the background of emergency distribution under natural disasters in Y city,the model and algorithm constructed by analysis are simulated and applied to solve the selection of emergency logistics distribution center and the corresponding route arrangement under the background of natural disasters.Besides,in order to ensure timely delivery,relevant guarantee mechanisms and measures are proposed to provide certain references for actual emergency logistics work in Y city.更多还原