【作者】 陈涛；

【导师】 徐苗；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 城市规划（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 职住平衡研究已逐渐成为学界研究的重点,但当前国内研究更多是基于宏观区位探讨地区间职住均衡问题,对于特定群体如低收入群体的职住关系研究相对较少,而只有在认知明晰低收入群体职住特征与影响的基础上,相关政策和规划措施(如保障房布局、社区规划等)才能有的放矢,以提升低收入群体生活质量,改善城市贫困问题,促进社会和谐发展。因此,本文将通过大小数据结合的研究方式,以重庆市中心城区三类低收入社区(公租房、城中村、老单位社区)就业者为研究对象,对其职住关系的基本特点与影响职住关系的因素及机制进行探讨。据此提出两个主要研究问题:第一、不同类型低收入社区,其就业者职住关系变化存在怎样的特征?第二、影响低收入社区就业者职住关系的有哪些影响因素?存在怎样的影响机制?分社区差异下,影响机制是否存在差异?本文的第一部分包括绪论、理论基础、实证研究框架三个部分。第一章主要对国内外低收入社区与职住平衡研究两部分文献进行综述研究,论证了选题的价值和实践上的可行性,并提出相关研究思路。第二章为主要后续实证研究提供理论框架支撑,首先对研究对象界定为城中村、公租房与老单位社区三类低收入社区就业者,其次,对潜在影响要素进行探索,总结归纳出建成环境要素和个体属性要素两大类影响要素体系,提出了大小数据相结合的研究方法,并提出实证研究框架。本文第二部分主要为实证研究部分,包括第三章到第五章,第三章主要通过大小数据相结合、定性定量相结合的研究方法,对低收入社区建成环境特征与就业者个体属性特征进行梳理与分析,以对探讨低收入社区职住关系影响机制奠定基础。第四章主要运用gis和stata相结合的研究手段,对数据进行描述性和探索性分析。首先描述了三类低收入社区整体职住关系特征,对三类社区就业者职住均衡情况进行对比描述,再通过gis空间统计分析方法,对低收入社区就业者空间分布上的方向、趋势、聚类程度等特征进行可视化分析,以探讨社区差异下,就业者职住空间关系差异。其次通过计量分析与空间分析相结合的研究手段,探索不同社区类型、不同影响要素条件下就业者职住关系的差异化特征,探索与解释影响因素与就业者职住关系基本影响效应。第五章通过stata回归分析工具,对影响低收入社区就业者职住关系的空间要素及其实证检验分析,以及进一步探讨社区类型的调节效应。结果表明,不同低收入社区就业者在住房和就业需求和岗位供给的决策机制上存在差异,导致相关要素的影响路径存在差异。用地混合度、可达性、收入、通勤方式以及就业非正规性等因素对于三类低收入社区基本存在一致的影响效应,不会受到社区差异的影响,而其他如性别、户口、行业类型、可达性以及服务设施密度等要素影响路径则存在社区间的差异,并针对影响机制给出相应的规划应对建议。第三部分总结部分包括第六与第七章。第六章为主要结论总结以及对前述文献研究中的焦点问题进行回应,并对标低收入社区职住影响机制给出相应的规划应对建议,最后,第七章主要对本次研究的创新点与不足之处进行总结与展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research on the balance of work and housing has gradually become the focus of academic research,but the current domestic research is more based on the macro location to explore the balance of work and housing between regions.For specific groups,such as low-income groups,the research on the relationship between work and housing is relatively less.Only on the basis of recognizing the characteristics and influence of work and housing of low-income groups,the relevant policies and planning measures(such as the layout of affordable housing In order to improve the quality of life of low-income groups,improve the problem of urban poverty,and promote the harmonious development of society.Therefore,this paper will take the three types of low-income community(public rental housing,urban village,old unit community)employees in Chongqing downtown area as the research object,through the research method of combining large and small data,to explore the basic characteristics of their work housing relationship and the factors and mechanisms affecting the work housing relationship.Based on this,this paper puts forward two main research questions: first,what are the characteristics of the changes in the employment housing relationship of different types of low-income communities? Second,what are the factors that affect the employment housing relationship of low-income community employees? What kind of influence mechanism exists? Is there any difference in the influence mechanism under different communities?The first part of this paper includes three parts: introduction,theoretical basis and empirical research framework.The first chapter mainly reviews the domestic and foreign research on low-income community and work housing balance,demonstrates the value and practical feasibility of the topic,and puts forward the relevant research ideas.The second chapter provides a theoretical framework for the main follow-up empirical research.Firstly,the research object is defined as three types of low-income community employees: urban village,public rental housing and old unit community.Secondly,the potential impact factors are explored,and two types of impact factors system,built environment factors and individual attribute factors,are summarized,And put forward theempiricalresearchframework.The second part of this paper is the empirical research part,including the third chapter to the fifth chapter.The third chapter mainly combs and analyzes the characteristics of the built environment and the individual attributes of the employees of low-income communities through the combination of large and small data,qualitative and quantitative research methods,so as to lay the foundation for exploring the influence mechanism of the employment housing relationship in low-income communities.The fourth chapter mainly uses GIS and Stata to analyze the data.Firstly,this paper describes the characteristics of the overall employment housing relationship of three types of low-income communities,and compares the employment housing equilibrium of the three types of communities.Then,through the GIS spatial statistical analysis method,this paper makes a visual analysis on the direction,trend,clustering degree and other characteristics of the spatial distribution of low-income community employees,so as to explore the differences of employment housing spatial relationship under the differences of communities.Secondly,through the combination of econometric analysis and spatial analysis,this paper explores the difference characteristics of employment housing relationship under different community types and different influencing factors,and explores and explains the basic influence effect of influencing factors and employment housing relationship.In the fifth chapter,by Using Stata regression analysis tool,the author analyzes the spatial factors influencing the employment housing relationship of low-income community employees and its empirical test,and further discusses the moderating effect of community types.The results show that there are differences in the decision-making mechanism of housing and employment demand and job supply among different low-income community employees,which leads to differences in the influence path of relevant factors.However,other factors such as gender,household registration,industry type,accessibility and density of service facilities have differences among communities,And the corresponding planning suggestions are given for the impact mechanism.The third part includes the sixth and seventh chapters.The sixth chapter is the summary of the main conclusions and the response to the focus of the previous literature research,and gives the corresponding planning response suggestions to the impact mechanism of low-income community occupation and housing.Finally,the seventh chapter mainly summarizes and prospects the innovationandshortcomingsofthisstudy.更多还原