【作者】 马强；

【导师】 徐胜利；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 动力工程（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 航空发动机之于航空飞行器相当于人的‘心脏’,发动机性能优劣对其有着决定性影响,发动机的性能指标中,轻量化是一个重要的研发指标,轻量化可以提高发动机推重比,进而提高飞机的各项性能。发动机中涡轮盘是重要的组成部件,其结构性能对发动机的性能影响很大,所以对涡轮盘进行结构优化设计是十分有必要的,针对传统的形状优化的局限性,本文以某型号航空发动机涡轮盘为优化构型,建立了完整的拓扑优化流程,实现对涡轮盘的优化设计。本文目标为实现轮盘的空心结构设计,分别从刚度拓扑优化、应力拓扑优化和频率拓扑优化这三个方面对涡轮盘进行拓扑优化,建立了一套涡轮盘的针对增材制造的拓扑优化流程,本文的有限元分析及优化流程是在Matlab程序中编程实现的。本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)以轮盘的扇区结构为优化模型,以轮盘最大柔顺度为目标,进行了轮盘子午面的拓扑优化;同时添加了变量连接,保证挖孔的周向连续和一致性;之后针对挖孔过大的问题结合了尺寸控制的优化算法,对挖孔大小进行了控制;最后针对当下热门的点阵优化,进行了基于子结构的周期性结构的优化设计。(2)涡轮盘的应力大小是一个重要性能指标,针对此问题提出了涡轮盘的应力为约束的拓扑优化,以K-S函数作为凝聚函数计算关心区域的最大应力,通过优化结构的材料分布来实现对关心区域最大应力的降低。(3)涡轮盘作为一个转动件,动力学特性是优化必须要考虑的指标,因此提出了以频率为目标的拓扑优化,提出了旋转周期结构频率的优化计算方法。最终的优化结果既满足了轻量化的优化目标,同时某阶频率也避开了共振点,优化效果较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aero-engine is the heart of the human being.The performance of the engine has a decisive influence on it.Among the performance indexes of the engine,lightweight is an important R & D index.The subject of lightweight is to improve the thrust to weight ratio of the engine,so as to improve the performance of the aircraft.The turbine disk is an important component of the engine,and its structural performance has a great impact on the performance of the engine,so it is very necessary to optimize the structure of the turbine disk.In view of the limitations of traditional shape optimization,this paper takes a certain type of Aero-engine Turbine Disk as the optimization configuration,establishes a complete topology optimization process,and completes the optimization design of the turbine disk.The purpose of this paper is to realize the hollow structure design of the disk,so the stiffness topology optimization,stress topology optimization and frequency topology optimization are carried out respectively,and a set of topology optimization process for additive manufacturing of turbine disk is established.The finite element analysis and optimization process of this paper are programmed in MATLAB program.The main contents of this paper are as follows(1)Taking the sector model of the disk as the optimization model and the maximum flexibility of the disk as the objective,the topology optimization of the meridian surface of the disk is carried out.At the same time,the variable connection is added to ensure the circumferential continuity and consistency of the digging hole.Then,aiming at the problem of excessive digging hole,the optimization algorithm of size control is combined to control the digging hole size.Finally,the current popular lattice optimization is carried out,The optimal design of periodic structure based on substructure is carried out.(2)The stress of turbine disk is an important performance index.In order to solve this problem,a topology optimization method with the stress of turbine disk as the constraint function is proposed.The K-S function is used as the aggregation function to calculate the maximum stress of the concerned region.The final optimization results not only meet the lightweight optimization objectives,but also reduce the stress significantly,and achieve good optimization results.(3)As a rotating part,the dynamic characteristics of turbine disk must be considered in the optimization.Therefore,the topology optimization with frequency as the objective is proposed,and the optimization calculation method of rotating periodic structure frequency is proposed.The final optimization results not only meet the lightweight optimization goal,but also avoid the resonance point of a certain order frequency,so the optimization effect is better.更多还原