【作者】 李娜；

【导师】 郑莉萍；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 护理学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:了解公众对于虚拟现实(Virtual reality,VR)智能救护培训的认知和需求现状;研究VR智能救护培训平台培训心肺复苏(cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)的质量、技能保持的远期效果和探索最佳复训时间,为人工智能时代背景下开展规模化救护培训提供参考依据。方法:第一部分:运用文献分析法,了解国内外的智能救护研究的进展情况;运用专家会议法,设计并开发调查问卷,分析大学生对于VR救护培训需求的现状;运用便利抽样法,选择2019年9-10月间选取3345名新生进行调查分析。第二部分:依据严格纳入排除标准,选取807名自愿参与干预研究的志愿者,以随机数字表法将受试者随机分为VR智能培训组和面对面培训组。通过同样的方式培训理论知识后,VR组基于VR智能救护培训平台进行技能训练,面对面组采用传统的老师面对面方式进行技能培训,培训后立即对两组志愿者进行CPR考核;此外,采用随机抽样的方法在两组共抽取56名志愿者,培训后立即、1个月、3个月和6个月测试两组志愿者CPR技能的总分及各部分得分,以进一步探究两组志愿者CPR技能保持情况和最佳复训时间。结果:1.需求与认知调查显示:在本次调查的3299名新生中,77.10%的人对急救知识知之甚少,97.90%学生认为掌握急救知识和技能是全民必备的技能,在选择培训模式时,74.30%的学生选择了虚拟急救场景,88.40%的学生知道VR技术,87.80%的学生希望通过VR学习CPR技术;2.培训质量分析:t检验结果表明,干预前两组学生的年龄、性别和理论知识水平无显著性差异(p>0.05),理论干预前后有显著性差异(p<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(p>0.05);CPR技能培训后VR智能培训组和面对面培训组的合格率分别为83.7%和75%,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05),两组总分(38.93±2.011 vs 37.83±2.639)、第一部分成绩(4.40±0.797 vs 4.04±0.821);第二部分成绩(19.63±0.975 vs 18.90±1.997)差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05);第三部分成绩(14.95±1.406 vs 14.90±2.638)差异不具有统计学意义(p>0.05);对于CPR重点考核的质量:按压频率、按压深度、胸廓是否充分回弹这三个部分VR组均优于面对面培训组,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05),按压位置面对面组优于VR组,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05);3.技能远期保持情况:VR智能培训组培训后3个月和6个月复测的总分显著高于面对面培训组(p<0.05);尤其重点考核质量部分,VR智能培训组的复测分数在培训后立即和6个月时显著高于面对面培训组(p<0.05);4.VR组培训感受调查:87.26%的学生认为VR智能培训效果更好,96.95%的学生认为这种培训方式可以还原真实场景,培训后更愿意在紧急时刻伸出援手,94.45%的学生表示愿意向周围的人介绍VR智能式培训。结论:大学生对于VR智能救护培训平台的需求程度较高,接受培训的意愿较高。VR智能救护培训平台的培训效果可靠,可作为规模化培训的一种辅助手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Purpose:To understand the current situation of public cognition and demand for Virtual Reality(VR)intelligent rescue training;To study the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)training on the VR intelligent rescue training platform,the longterm effect of skill maintenance and explore the optimal training time,and to provide reference for the large-scale rescue training under the background of artificial intelligence era.Methods:Part Ⅰ: The literature analysis method was used to understand the progress of intelligent rescue research at home and abroad.The expert conference method was used to design and develop questionnaires to understand the current situation of college students’ demand for VR rescue training.Using convenience sampling method,3345 freshmen from September to October 2019 were selected for investigation and analysis.Part Ⅱ: According to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria,807 volunteers who volunteered to participate in the intervention study were selected,and the subjects were randomly divided into VR group and face-to-face training group by random number table method.In the VR group,the VR intelligent rescue training platform was used for skill training.In the face-to-face group,the traditional face-to-face training method was used for skill training.After the training,CPR assessment was conducted on the volunteers in both groups.In addition,the retention of CPR skills of the two groups of volunteers was further explored to explore the optimal training time.A total of 56 volunteers were selected from the two groups by random sampling method,and the total scores and scores of each part of the CPR skills of the two groups of volunteers were further tested immediately after the training,1 month,3 months and 6 months after the training.Results:1.Demand and cognitive investigation show that: in the survey of 3299 freshmen,77.10% of people know little about first aid,97.90% students think master first aid knowledge and skills are skills essential to universal,when choosing a training model,74.30% of students chose the virtual emergency scenario,88.40% of the students know the VR technology,87.80% of the students hope to learn CPR technique by VR.2.Analysis of training quality: T-test results showed that there were no significant differences in age,gender and theoretical knowledge level between the two groups before intervention(p > 0.05),but there were significant differences before and after intervention(p < 0.05),and there was no statistical significance between the two groups(p > 0.05).After CPR skill training,the qualified rate of VR group and face to face training group was 83.7% and 75%,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(p < 0.05).The total score of the two groups(38.93 ± 2.011 vs 37.83 ± 2.639)and the score of the first part(4.40 ± 0.797 vs 4.04 ± 0.821).The results of the second part(19.63 ± 0.975 vs 18.90 ± 1.997)showed statistically significant difference(p <0.05).Results of the third part(14.95 ± 1.406 vs 14.90 ± 2.638)showed no statistically significant difference(p > 0.05).The VR group was superior to the face-to-face training group in terms of the key assessment quality of CPR: press frequency,press depth and whether the chest is fully recovered(p < 0.05).The VR group was superior to the VR group in terms of press position,with statistical significance(p < 0.05).3.Long-term retention of skills: the total scores of the retest at 3 and 6 months after training were significantly higher in the VR smart training group than in the faceto-face training group(p < 0.05);especially focusing on the quality part of the assessment,the retest scores of the VR smart training group were significantly higher than those of the face-to-face training group immediately and at 6 months after training(p < 0.05).4.VR group training feelings survey: 87.26% of students think VR intelligent training better,96.95% of students think this training method can restore the real scene,after training more willing to lend a helping hand in times of emergency,94.45% of students said they are willing to introduce VR intelligent training to the people around them.Conclusion:College students have a high degree of demand for VR intelligent rescue training platform and a high willingness to receive training.This training effect of VR intelligent ambulance training platform is reliable,and it can be used as an auxiliary method for large-scale training.更多还原