【作者】 李航；

【导师】 刘冉；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 工业工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着能源形势与国家政策影响,电动汽车无疑成为了汽车制造行业新的市场增长点之一。电池包作为电动汽车的核心部件之一,其生产过程也应受到更多关注。根据在上海某大型合资汽车制造企业的新建电池包生产车间的实地调研以及其主管工程师描述,当前其生产过程中存在两个典型问题:一是新建电池包生产线布局设计高度依赖人工,欠缺快速调整生产布局方案的模型算法;二是已投产的电池包生产线需面对大批量、多种类的工件生产,其生产作业调度存在诸多困难,亟需具备适应多种类、大批量工件的作业调度能力。尽管布局优化与作业调度问题在业界内已经有较为成熟的传统解决方法,但通常其过程相对繁琐费时,依赖于人员经验操作,难以做到解决方案实现的快速响应。在如今市场竞争激烈、人力培养成本上升的形势下,建立起可减少人为参与、更为智能的求解方法,对于电动汽车乃至其他制造类行业智能制造水平增强、成本合理优化与人员合理安排等都具有重要意义。为此,通过建立较为智能与灵活的数学求解方法,并进一步通过计算机程序得以实现,是实现制造管理过程更为快速化、智能化的重要途径。基于上述情况,本文将从实际问题出发,结合已有研究成果,建立起电动汽车生产线布局问题与作业调度问题的优化方法。针对上述问题,本文首先对电池包生产线布局问题进行了研究,以采用自动导引车为物料搬运系统的的复杂生产线为研究对象,建立了生产线布局优化与自动导引车投放数量评估的数学规划模型,并设计了变邻域搜索算法(Variable Neighborhood Search,VNS)加以快速求解;其次,针对生产线作业调度问题,本文以生产多种类、大批量工件的生产线为研究对象,建立其作业调度的数学规划模型,并设计了遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)求解。最终,本文通过数值实验验证了所设计算法的有效性,并提出了后续研究方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the impact of energy situation and national policies,electric vehicles have undoubtedly become one of the new market growth points in the automobile manufacturing industry.As one of the core components of electric vehicle,the production process of battery pack should be paid more attention.According to survey of a new battery pack production workshop in an automobile manufacturing enterprise in Shanghai and the description of engineers,there are two typical problems in the current production process.First,the layout design of the new battery pack production line is highly dependent on manpower.Second,there are many difficulties in the scheduling of jobs which are of multi kinds and large lot size.Model and algorithm for quickly adjusting the production layout and job scheduling is needed.Although there are already mature traditional solution for the layout optimization and job scheduling problem,the process is relatively cumbersome and time-consuming,relying on the experience of personnel operation.It is difficult to achieve a rapid response to the solution.In the current situation of fierce market competition and rising cost of human training,it is of great significance to establish a more intelligent solution method which can enhance the intelligent manufacturing ability of electric vehicles and even other manufacturing industries,optimize the cost and arrange the personnel reasonably.Therefore,it is an important way to realize the manufacturing management process more quickly and intelligently by establishing a more intelligent and flexible mathematical solution method and further realizing it by computer program.Based on the above situation,this paper establishes the optimization method of electric vehicle production line layout and job scheduling.In order to solve the above problems,firstly,this paper studies the layout of battery pack production line,takes the complex production line using AGV material handling system as the research object and establishes the mathematical programming model of production line layout optimization and AGV quantity evaluation.Then the paper designs the variable neighborhood search algorithm to solve it quickly.Secondly,for the production line operation scheduling problem,a mathematical programming model of job scheduling is established and the genetic algorithm is designed to solve the problem.Finally the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by numerical experiments and the future research direction is proposed.更多还原