【作者】 李颖；

【导师】 王继堃；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 应用心理学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国城市化进程的加速发展,婚姻稳定性面临着越来越严峻的考验。民政部于2020年出台离婚缓冲期的新政,可见当前婚姻关系的维持需引起重视。研究者在女性个体咨询和女性成长团体的工作中发现:婚姻中,自尊水平相对低的女性来访者,在压力或冲突中,倾向于否定性自我评价以及回避型沟通;同时,她们对关系间的顺畅沟通有着强烈需求。因此,本研究探索女性自尊和沟通模式对婚姻主观感受的影响,以及沟通模式在自尊和婚姻主观感受之间的中介作用。研究一采用《自尊量表》、《婚姻沟通模式问卷》以及《婚姻主观感受量表》对362位已婚女性进行问卷调查,研究二对7位已婚女性进行质性访谈。本研究结果表明:1.女性婚姻主观感受得分在结识途径、学历、孩子数量上存在显著性差异,夫妻自己认识的分数显著高于介绍认识的,硕士及以上学历的分数显著高于其他组,没有孩子的分数显著高于有孩子的;2.女性的自尊与其婚姻主观感受显著正相关;与建设性沟通互动显著正相关,与完全回避和要求/回避显著负相关。3.女性的建设性互动沟通与其婚姻主观感受显著正相关,与家庭关系和夫妻互动显著正相关,与夫妻冲突显著负相关,并在其自尊与婚姻主观感受间起中介作用;4.女性的完全回避以及要求/回避沟通与其婚姻主观感受显著负相关,与家庭关系和夫妻互动显著负相关,与夫妻冲突显著正相关,并在女性自尊与婚姻主观感受间起中介作用。5.综合研究结果,建议咨询或团体中,可以注重女性来访者的沟通习惯,协助其改善自我负面认知、构建建设性沟通体系,提高其对于婚姻感知的评价与满意度。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the promotion of our country’s economic status in the world,we are facing more and more severe tests in the fast-paced social operation.In view of the rising divorce rate,the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued a new deal in the buffer period of divorce in 2020,which shows how serious the reality of marriage relationship is.In the practice of individual counseling and relationship workshop,researchers found that in marriage,self-esteem visitors with a relatively low level of respect tend to be negative,and tend to avoid communication in response to problems in conflicts.At the same time,they have a strong demand for constructive communication.Therefore,this study examines the influence of female self-esteem and communication patterns on the subjective feelings of marriage.This study used "self-esteem scale","communication patterns questionnaire ",and " marriage subjective feelings scale ",for the quantitative analysis among 362 married female subjects;and then continued the interview research on 7 married female subjects.The results of quantitative study showed :(1)The differences of women’s subjective feelings of marriage in demographic variables: education level and the number of children raised were more significant in terms of subjective feelings of marriage.(2)Self-esteem has a positive prediction on the subjective feelings of marriage.Self-esteem has a negative prediction on demand-withdraw and avoidance communication mode.(3)Constructive communication can positively predict subjective feelings of marriage,including marital interaction and family relationship.Constructive communication can negatively predict marital conflicts.Constructive communication has a significant mediating effect between female self-esteem and subjective marital feelings.(4)Both demand/withdraw mode and avoidance mode can negatively predict marital subjective feelings.Marital interaction and family relationship can be negatively predicted.The two modes play a mediating effect between female self-esteem and marital subjective feelings.(5)Based on the results,it is suggested that in individual counseling or group counseling with intimate relationship or marriage as the counseling goal,we should pay attention to the communication habits of the visitors,helping them to improve their self-negative cognition and communication system and their evaluation and satisfaction with marriage perception.更多还原