【作者】 王佳；

【导师】 贾鸿雁；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 旅游管理， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 人类一切活动的最终目的都是为了幸福,而旅游不仅具有突出的经济溢出价值,而且具有显著的国民幸福增进效应。相较于女性在旅游消费和旅游发展中所扮演的重要角色和发挥的重要作用,旅游研究中的女性研究仍处于边缘状态,既有关于女性旅游者的研究,大多囿于旅游障碍和旅游限制层面,对于诸如幸福感等积极效果审视不足。文章在生命历程视角下,基于杭州市433份女性游客问卷调查数据,综合运用对称分析技术的结构方程模型(SEM)和不对称分析技术的模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)探究女性旅游者幸福感的影响因素与生成机理。对称分析的重点在于女性旅游者幸福感的不同维度及其影响因素,区分侧重于愉悦体验、快乐享受等内涵的旅游者主观幸福感(T＿SWB)和侧重于意义发现、自我实现等内涵的旅游者心理幸福感(T＿PWB),研究发现,对女性旅游者主观幸福感产生显著正向影响的因素包括旅游服务质量、旅游目的地形象和游客互动,对女性旅游者心理幸福感产生显著正向影响的因素包括旅游服务质量、旅游参与、家庭支持和自我效能,即女性旅游者主观幸福感和心理幸福感的影响因素具有异质性。不对称分析的重点在于女性旅游者综合幸福感(即旅游者心理幸福感和主观幸福感的交集)及其高/非高状态的差异化生成机理,研究发现,女性高旅游者综合幸福感的生成路径可以划分为向内自我观照式的生成路径和向外互动拓展式的生成路径,女性非高旅游者综合幸福感的生成路径可以划分为弱关系的缺失和强关系的缺失,即女性旅游者综合幸福感的高/非高状态的生成路径具有非对称性。此外,研究基于女性的生命事件将其划分为工作前、工作至生育、生育至退休以及退休后四个生命历程阶段,阐述并比较不同生命历程阶段的女性旅游者幸福感的生成机理及其差异,研究发现,工作前女性旅游者幸福感的生成属于多因复杂交织模式,工作至生育阶段的女性旅游者幸福感的生成属于旅游服务主导模式,生育至退休阶段的女性旅游者幸福感的生成属于家庭支持主导模式,退休后女性旅游者幸福感的生成属于内推外拉平衡模式。最终,研究精简地构建了涵括女性个体、家庭和旅游目的地在内的女性旅游者幸福感的多元共振式增进框架。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ultimate goal of all human activities is for well-being.Tourism not only has outstanding economic spillover value,but also has significant well-being enhancement effect.Compared with the important role played by female in tourism consumption and tourism development,researches on female tourists are still scarce and marginalized.Existing studies on female tourists are mostly limited to travel barriers and restrictions,and they do not pay enough attention to positive effects such as well-being.Based on the survey data of 433 female tourists in Hangzhou,the article comprehensively used symmetric analysis(SEM)and asymmetric analysis(fsQCA)to explore the influencing factors and generating mechanism of female tourists’ well-being through the perspective of life course.The symmetric analysis focused on the different dimensions of female tourists’ well-being,distinguishing the tourists’ subjective well-being(T＿SWB)and the tourists’ psychological well-being(T＿PWB),the former emphasizing pleasant and enjoyment,while the latter emphasizing meaning-discovery and selfactualization.The study found that factors having a significant positive impact on female T＿SWB include tourism service quality,tourist destination image and tourist-to-tourist interaction,while factors having a significant positive impact on female T＿PWB include tourism service quality,tourist engagement,family support and self-efficacy,which demonstrated that the influencing factors of female T＿SWB and T＿PWB are heterogeneous.The focus of the asymmetry analysis is on the comprehensive well-being of female tourists(i.e.the intersection of T＿SWB and T＿PWB).The study found that the generation paths of highlevel of female tourists’ comprehensive well-being can be divided into an inward type and an outward type.The study also found that the generation paths of low-level of female tourists’ comprehensive well-being can be divided into the absence of weak relationship and the absence of strong relationship.It is obviously that the generation paths of high-level and low-level of female tourists’ comprehensive well-being are asymmetric.In addition,the study divided female tourists into four life course stages based on life events including pre-work,work-tochildbirth,childbirth-to-retirement and post-retirement.The study found that the generation path of female tourists’ comprehensive well-being in the first stage belongs to the multi-factor complex interwoven mode,in the second stage belongs to the tourism service-oriented model,in the third stage belongs to the family support-oriented model,and in the fourth stage belongs to the push-in and pull-out balance mode.In the end,the article concisely constructed a multicause collaborative framework,including female individuals,families and tourist destinations,to enhance female tourists’ well-being.更多还原