【作者】 王涛；

【导师】 王德强；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 经济法学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国城乡一体化进程中,伴随着人口、经济和社会的转型,人口老龄化将成为社会发展的新常态。我国人口老龄化问题正面临严峻的考验,尤其农村实际居住人口老龄化程度可能进一步加深,而当前我国农村的养老服务建设处于低水平,城乡、区域养老服务建设不均衡问题非常突出。养老问题,既是发展问题,更是民生问题,十三五时期是我国全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段,共享发展理念为基层农村养老问题的解决提供了新的思路,其中一个重要的着力点就是在乡镇为桥梁和纽带的基础上实现镇村一体化,带动城、镇、村相融互动统筹建设村镇社会化养老服务,这对于实现养老服务城乡一体化具有重要意义。社会化养老服务是一个跨越多学科领域的概念,学者们多从经济学、伦理学、哲学、社会学的角度对社会养老服务建设和运行展开研究,更多地关注如何增加供给数量,从而忽视其质量的提升,从法学领域研究社会化养老服务的成果则较少。本文以村镇社会化养老服务的供给和需求为基点、以社会化养老服务的质量提升为目的研究其建设和运行中存在的法律问题,通过法律手段保障财政、融资、用人、土地、政策等资源在城乡养老服务中的公平分配和保障路径,并关注村镇养老服务运行中的风险的防控。同时,基层农村的社会养老服务不仅仅受到社会、经济资源的影响,亦深受传统道德观念的影响,而农村传统孝道式微趋势、对养老服务业信任度、认可度低亦影响着其发展,亟需为村镇社会养老服务业注入符合社会主义核心价值观的现代社会理念。本研究以道德与法治协同为视角,探析法律制度构建中的道德诉求和法治底蕴,探究两者的契合点与互动面,进而提出了完善村镇社会化养老服务法律保障中需要明确的理念导向。本研究主要从以下几方面展开:第一,探析城乡一体化进程中村镇社会化养老服务体系建设的背景、道德法治协同与村镇社会化养老服务法律保障的基础理论。第二,在实证研究上,系统梳理了我国社会养老服务的法律、法规、地方立法、标准化体系,并整理分析了村镇社会化养老服务发展现状的调研数据,总结当前村镇社会养老服务运行中存在的问题、制度性障碍及原因。第三,在比较研究上,对典型域外国家的立法实践进行考察与分析,辩证地借鉴其经验。第四,对村镇社会化养老服务保障中实现道德与法治协同的必要性和路径进行分析和论述。第五,在对策研究上,针对村镇社会化养老服务提出了法律保障对策,并以服务质量提升为核心提出了运行保障和风险控制,以化解养老服务运行中存在的风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of integration of urban and rural areas in China,with the transformation of population,economy and society,the aging of population will become the new normal of social development.The problem of population aging in China is facing a severe test,especially in rural areas,the actual population aging may be further deepened,and the current China’s rural old-age service construction at a low level,the construction of urban and rural pension services,regional imbalance problem is very prominent.Pension issues,both development issues,but also the livelihood of the people.During the period of 13th Five-Year is China’s comprehensive completion of the decisive stage of well-off society,the idea of sharing provides a new way to solve the problem of rural old-age support.One of the most important point is to realize the integration of villages and towns on the basis of bridge and link,Driven by the city,town,village integration of interactive construction of rural social pension services,which is important for the realization of the integration of urban and rural pension services.The social endowment service is a concept which spans the fields of economics,ethics,philosophy,sociology and so on.Scholars from the perspective of the construction and operation of the social pension services,and the study of social pension services is less.Based on the supply and demand of rural social endowment service,this paper studies the legal problems in the construction and operation,through the allocation of legal means to protect the financial,finance,human resources such as land,equity in urban and rural pension services,prevention and control of risk and pay attention to the operation of the rural pension service.At the same time,the rural social endowment service is not only affected by the social and economic resources,but also deeply influenced by the traditional moral concepts.However,the declining trend of traditional filial piety in rural areas,the low degree of trust in the pension services,will also affect their development,therefore,it is urgent to inject the concept of modern society with the socialist core values for the rural social pension services.In this study,morality and law collaborative perspective,analysis of the legal system on the construction of morality and the rule of law culture,we find there is a point of interaction with the surface,and then put forward to improve the town social need to clear the orientation of legal protection of pension service.This study mainly from the following aspects.First of all,this paper analyzes the background of the construction of socialized pension service system in the process of urban and rural integration,the basic theory of the rule of law and the protection of the legal system of social security.Second,in the empirical study,systematically analyzes the China’s social pension service laws and regulations,local legislation,standardization system,and analyzed the survey data of rural social pension service development present situation,summarizes the problems and institutional obstacles and reasons of the rural social endowment service in operation.Third,on the basis of comparative study,the author investigates and analyzes the legislative practice of the typical foreign countries,and draws lessons from them dialectically.The fourth part is to analyze and discuss the necessity and way to realize the coordination of the moral and the rule of law in the socialized pension service.Fifth,in the countermeasure research,for the rural social pension service puts forward the legal countermeasures,and to enhance the quality of services proposed running security and risk control as the core,to resolve the risks existing in the operation of pension services.更多还原