【作者】 李倩；

【导师】 陈浪；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 翻译硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【副题名】Humanism and the Death of God汉译安全研究

【摘要】 近些年来,大量国外社科著作通过翻译引入国内,不仅促进了国内学术的发展,同时有助于人们了解国外社会和文化,拓展视野。Humanism and the Death of God是美国哲学教授罗纳德E.奥斯本(Ronald E.Osborn)所著,此书的创作基于当下美国社会现实,即由于信仰缺失导致的道德问题,批判了哲学自然主义对人文价值观的损害。同时,鉴于西方自然主义学说的传入对中国社会产生了一定影响,笔者认为此书的汉译本能够引发中国读者思考国内的一些社会问题。报告采用案例分析的方法,以Humanism and the Death of God第一章和第二章部分内容的翻译实践为例,探讨明晰化策略在社科翻译中的应用,以期对今后社科翻译实践有所借鉴。明晰化指的是结合上下文语境和情境将原文隐含信息显化,清晰地再现原文语义的过程。实现译文明晰化要求译者透彻解读原文,显化隐含信息,有利于弥补语义空缺,提高社科译文准确性,保证表意清晰。同时,明晰化考虑目标读者的接受,强调译文应该符合目标语言的文体偏好,避免拗口、不地道的表达,有利于提高社科译文的可读性。报告首先介绍了翻译任务的由来、目的和意义,然后简要介绍了整个翻译任务完成的大致过程,在此基础上报告梳理、归纳和总结了翻译实践的经验。报告从词、句、篇三个层面对原文进行了分析,总结和归纳翻译转换过程中可能的难点。在词的层面,原文大量使用语义紧缩的名词词组,一些副词含有丰富的含义,这些都给翻译造成了困难。此外,社科文本围绕特定主题展开,因此往往含有丰富的术语。在句子层面,源文本中有大量长的复杂句,其处理是一大难点。在语篇层面,源文本的语篇构建方式明显不同于中文语篇的行文规范,此外,英语社科文本作为一种论述文,其译文应清晰呈现论证脉络。针对上述翻译难点,报告探讨明晰化在社科翻译中的具体应用,研究发现:词的层面,可以运用增词、转换层级、增加脚注等明晰化方式,增强译文准确性,保证表意清晰,降低目标读者阅读困难;在翻译长句时,可以通过增加连接词以及使用切分语句中的信息成分等明晰化方式,增强社科译文可读性,生成地道流畅且表意清晰的译文;语篇层面,通过转换衔接方式的明晰化方案,重建译文语篇衔接,避免语义模糊,添加介词短语和连接词,清晰展现论证的逻辑。报告最终得出结论,明晰化策略用于指导社科翻译,可以在很大程度上提升译文的准确性、可读性、清晰性,使译文更加明白易懂,因此可以广泛运用于指导社科文本的英译汉翻译实践。更多还原

【Abstract】 These years,a large number of foreign social science works were introduced into China through translation,which has advanced China’s academic development,enhanced Chinese people’s knowledge about western societies and culture,and also broadened their horizons.Humanism and the Death of God is written by American professor of philosophy Ronald E.Osborn.This book is based on social reality in today’s America,namely moral concerns caused by lack of belief,and criticizes the fraught implications of philosophical naturalism for humanistic values.Given the influence of the introduction of western naturalist theory on Chinese society,the writer thinks the Chinese translation of this book may trigger Chinese readers’refection on some social problems within China.The report adopts case analysis and takes the practice of translating Chapter 1 and part of Chapter 2 in Humanism and the Death of God as an example to discuss the application of explicitation strategy in social science translations.The writer hopes it can serve as a reference for later social science translation practice.Explicitation means the process of making explicit the implicit information according to the context or situation and clearly representing the original meaning.To achieve explicitness in the translation,the translator needs to have a thorough understanding of the source text and make explicit implicit information,which can impro ve the accuracy of social science translations by bridging the semantic gap and make sure the meaning is delivered clearly.Besides,according to explicitation,translators have to consider target readers’ acceptance,and translations should follow the stylistic preferences of the target language and get rid of clumsy and unnatural expressions,which can increase the readability of social science translations.The report introduces the background,purpose and significance of the translation task,gives a brief introduction to the translation process,and then concludes the lessons acquired in this translation practice.It analyzes the source text on the level of word,sentence and text,and then summarizes the difficulties the translator faces in the translation.At the word level,there are a large number of semantically condensed noun phrases and some adverbs which contain abundant meaning in the source text,which brings difficulties to the translation.Besides,social science texts are usually written on one certain subject,so there are plenty of terms in these texts.At the sentence level,there are abundant long and complex sentences in English social science texts,which constitute a huge challenge.At the text level,the text-building way of the source text is quite different from that of the Chinese text.Besides,as English social science texts belong to expositions,their translations should present the demonstration process clearly.Based on these difficulties,this report discusses the application of explicitation in translating social science texts and concludes findings as follows.At the word level,the techniques which can be used to achieve explicitness include addition,shift of part of speech and annotation.These techniques can enhance the accuracy of the translation,ensure the meaning is delivered in a clear way and decrease understanding difficulties of target readers.At the sentence level,the techniques applied to achieve explicitness include the addition of conjunctions and division.The application of these techniques can enhance readability and help produce a natural,smooth and clear translation.At the text level,shift of cohesive devices is used for the reestablishment of textual cohesion in the translation and to avoid ambiguity.Besides,the addition of conjunctions and prepositional phrases are used to display the logic of argumentation clearly.Lastly,the report concludes that explicitation strategy can greatly enhance the accuracy,readability and clearness of the translation,and make the translation more understandable as well.So it can be widely applied to guide E-C translation of social science texts.更多还原