【作者】 王倩；

【导师】 曲荣海；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 电气工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 化石能源的日益枯竭和对环境保护问题的日益重视使得人类不断探寻可再生的清洁能源,风能作为一种最具前景的可再生能源,近几十年来得到了飞速的发展。相较于已经得到广泛发展的陆上风电,海上风电的风能资源丰富,风力平稳,风机利用率高;海上风电场一般距离用电负荷中心较近,节约了电力传输的成本;此外对于一些陆地面积有限的地区,海上风电还具有不占地的优点。但是海上风电场一般离岸较远,海上风电场建设成本高、安装难度大,后期维护不易,需要减少风机数量,提高单机容量来降低成本。作为风力发电的关键部件,高功率密度的风力发电机成为必然选择。超导风力发电机比双馈感应发电机和永磁直驱发电机体积小、重量轻,在提高风力发电机单机容量方面具有可观的前景。本文主要从以下几个方面对10MW超导直流风力发电机进行研究。首先针对现有海上风力发电发展趋势及大型风力超导电机的研究进展,对不同超导风力发电机拓扑进行可行性分析。通过对比不同超导电机拓扑结构的优缺点,同时考虑海上风电的传输及风机大容量的要求,最终选择10 MW超导直流电机作为本文的研究对象。接着介绍了10 MW超导直流电机的各个组件及组成结构,包括高温超导励磁线圈的材料选择,直流励磁系统、转子和低温冷却系统的设计。然后,通过二维有限元仿真技术,对10 MW超导直流电机的外径、磁负荷和极数进行系统的优化设计,对比了超导电机的有效材料成本、重量和体积,并确定最优尺寸方案。另外,本文对比了定子含铁齿绕组与气隙绕组两种拓扑的电磁性能,并分析了内外转子电磁性能的优劣性。最后,确定了10MW超导直流风力发电机的设计方案,对电机的空载和负载特性进行了分析,并完成了超导直流电机的主要结构设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the exhaustion of fossil fuels and the increasing attention to environmental protection,people are constantly searching for renewable clean energy.Wind energy,as the most promising renewable energy,has developed rapidly in recent decades.Compared with onshore wind power,which has been widely developed,offshore wind power benefits from abundant wind resources,stable wind power and high utilization rate of wind turbines.Offshore wind farms are generally close to the load center,which saves the cost of power transmission.In addition,for some areas with limited land area,offshore wind power also has the advantage of not occupying land.However,offshore wind farms are generally far from the shore,so the construction cost of offshore wind farms is high,the installation is difficult,and the maintenance is not easy in the later period.Therefore,it is necessary to reduce the number of fans and increase the capacity of single wind turbines to reduce the cost.As a key component of wind power generation,wind turbine with high power density becomes an inevitable choice.Compared with double-fed induction generator and permanent magnet direct drive generator,the superconducting wind generator is smaller and lighter in weight.This paper mainly studies the 10 MW superconducting DC wind generator from the following aspects.Firstly,based on the development trend of offshore wind power generation and the research status of large-scale wind superconducting motors,the feasibility analysis of different topologies of superconducting wind turbines is carried out.By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different topological structures of superconducting motors and considering the transmission of offshore wind power and the requirement of large capacity of fans,10 MW superconducting DC motors are finally selected as the research object of this paper.Next,the components and structure of 10 MWsuperconducting DC motor are introduced,including the material selection of high temperature superconducting excitation coil,the design of DC excitation system,rotor and low temperature cooling system.Then,the outer diameter,magnetic load and number of poles of the 10 MW superconducting DC motor are optimized through two-dimensional finite element simulation technology.The effective material cost,weight and volume of the superconducting motor are compared,and the optimal size scheme is determined.In addition,the electromagnetic properties of stator iron-tooth winding and air gap winding are compared,and the electromagnetic properties of internal and external rotor are analyzed.Finally,the design scheme of 10 MW superconducting dc wind generator is determined.The no-load and load characteristics of the motor are analyzed.The structural design is completed in the end.更多还原