【作者】 张娟；

【导师】 赵春发；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 车辆工程， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 超导电动磁浮列车作为区别于常导磁浮列车和传统轮轨列车的新型轨道交通工具,具有速度高、悬浮间隙大、不需要主动控制等优点,在高速及超高速地面交通领域具有良好的应用前景。超导电动悬浮作为磁浮列车稳定运行的核心系统,由于其动态电磁环境十分复杂,超导电磁铁与地面线圈之间动态相互作用力也极为复杂,长期以来超导磁浮列车动力学仿真总是将超导电动悬浮简化为线性弹簧,从而无法准确模拟超导磁浮车辆的动力学行为。因此,本研究开展了超导电动悬浮系统磁力特性研究,建立了超导电动悬浮力与导向力计算模型,并将其应用于超导电动磁浮车辆动力学仿真模拟,开展了超导电动磁浮车辆动力学性能预测与参数优化研究。首先,在分析超导电动磁浮列车电动悬浮系统结构的基础上,利用动态电路原理,推导了悬浮力、导向力和等效阻尼的解析表达式。然后,参考日本MLX01超导磁浮列车电动悬浮系统参数,基于推导的解析表达式计算了不同条件下电磁悬浮力和导向力,给出了电动悬浮力、导向力和等效阻尼与列车运行速度、悬浮间隙和导向间隙的关系曲线,揭示了电动悬浮系统的力学特性,为后续超导磁浮车辆动力学建模和仿真计算提供了基础。其次,分析了超导磁浮列车的转向架结构,利用SIMPACK软件和Simulink软件建立了包含非线性电动悬浮力计算模块的磁浮车辆动力学模型,并参照中国高速铁路无砟轨道不平顺谱反演得到了地面线圈几何不平顺样本。仿真计算了超导磁浮车辆以不同行车速度通过直线轨道和曲线轨道的动力学响应,计算结果表明行车速度对超导电动磁浮车辆动力学性能影响明显;磁浮车辆曲线通过时,超导磁铁悬浮间隙和导向间隙波动量不大,车辆与曲线轨道发生机械碰撞的可能性不大。对比分析了采用非线性电磁力模型和和等效线性化电磁力模型的磁浮车辆动力学响应,结果表明线性化电磁力模型会导致较大的计算误差,超导电动磁浮车辆动力学仿真应优先使用非线性电磁力计算模型。最后,进一步研究了一系悬挂和二系悬挂参数对超导磁浮车辆动力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,一系悬挂刚度对车辆运行平稳性影响非常小,采用较低的二系悬挂垂向刚度,可以有效提高车辆运行平稳性。针对电动悬浮系统阻尼过小导致车辆垂向运行平稳性较差的问题,分析了阻尼线圈工作原理,仿真分析了安装阻尼线圈后超导磁浮车辆的动力学响应,研究发现安装阻尼线圈可以有效改善车辆的垂向运行平稳性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a new-type rail transport,the superconducting electrodynamic suspension(EDS)maglev train is different from the electromagnetic suspension(EMS)maglev train and the conventional wheel-rail train.The superconducting EDS maglev train has the advantages of high speed,large levitation gap,and no need for active control,thus it has good prospects to be applied in the high-speed/ultra-high-speed ground transportation.However,for the electrodynamic levitation system,which is most important to stable operation of the superconducting EDS maglev train,has complex dynamic interaction between the superconducting magnet and the ground coils due to their complex electromagnetic environment.Thus,the superconducting electrodynamic suspension is always be simplified to a linear spring,so that the dynamic behavior of the superconducting EDS maglev vehicles cannot be accurately simulated.In this thesis,magnetic force characteristics of the superconducting EDS system are investigated to develop an analytical calculation model of the nonlinear magnetic forces.Subsequently,it is applied in dynamic simulation of the superconducting maglev vehicles.dynamic performances of the maglev vehicles are analyzed,and the optimum study of suspension parameters is carried out.Firstly,this thesis analyzes the structure of superconducting electrodynamic suspension system.Using the dynamic circuit theory,the equivalent circuit models are built to derive analytical expressions of the magnetic levitation force,the magnetic guidance force and the equivalent damping.In the case of the electrodynamic suspension system of the Japanese MLX01 superconducting maglev vehicles,the magnetic levitation and guidance forces under different conditions are calculated,and the relationship curves of the magnetic forces and the equivalent damping with the running speed,the levitation gap and the guidance gap are presented to reveal mechanical characteristics of the electrodynamic levitation system.The above-mentioned research provides a basis for dynamic modeling and simulation of the superconducting maglev vehicles in this thesis.Secondly,the bogie structure of the superconducting maglev vehicles is introduced,and then the dynamic model including the calculation module of the nonlinear electrodynamic magnetic forces is established using the SIMPACK software and the Simulink plug-in.Meanwhile,the track irregularity sample is calculated according to the Chinese Standard “PSD of ballastless irregularities of high-speed railway”(TB/T 3352-2014).Using the dynamic model of the superconducting maglev vehicles,dynamic response of the maglev vehicles passing through the straight tracks and curved tracks at different running speed are simulated.The simulated results indicate that the running speed has a significant influence on dynamic performances of the superconducting maglev vehicle.When the superconducting EDS maglev vehicle passes through the curve tracks,the change of levitation and guidance gaps of the superconducting magnets is small.It indicates there is little likelihood of a mechanical collision between the vehicle and the curved track.Furthermore,comparing the simulated results from the nonlinear magnetic force model with the equivalent linear spring model,it can be found that the simplified linear magnetic force model lead to the worse lateral ride quality,while the vertical ride quality almost has no change.Finally,the influence of the primary and secondary suspension parameters on dynamic performances of the superconducting maglev vehicle are studied.The simulated results show that the primary suspension stiffness has little influence on the ride quality,and the small secondary suspension stiffness can improve the vertical ride quality of the maglev vehicles.Since small damping of the superconducting EDS levitation system causes the poor ride quality,the operating principle of the damping coils installed on the superconducting magnet is introduced,and dynamic response of the superconducting maglev vehicle with the damping coils are analyzed.It is found that the damping coils can improve effectively the vertical ride quality of the superconducting maglev vehicles.更多还原