【作者】 陈敏；

【导师】 陈晓莉；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 2014年9月,以国务院发布的《关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》为标志,中国吹响了自1977年恢复高考招生以来力度最大的一轮高考改革的号角,也勾勒出我国高校招生考试制度新的蓝图。在新高考改革政策的号召之下,上海市、浙江省先后开启了改革道路;此后,山东、海南、北京、天津等四个省市在2017年加入了新高考改革行列;2018年12月,河北、辽宁、江苏、福建、湖北、湖南、广东、重庆等8省市也加入了高考改革的队伍。高考改革队伍向中西部不断蔓延,随之产生的挑战也必将出现在更多的地区。本论文旨在了解新高考背景下物理教学的现状和学生的需求,结合目前已经采用新高考模式学校的实际,探索一些切实可行的教学策略,也为即将启动改革工作的省市学校提供一些思路。2018年1月,国家教育部正式发布了最新版的《普通高中物理课程标准(2017年版)》,给新高考模式中物理教学的实施提供了政策指南。在《普通高中物理课程标准(2017年版)》中明确提出:物理核心素养是在物理教育过程中,学生逐步形成的适应个人终身发展和社会发展需要的必备品格及关键能力,是学生通过物理学习内化的带有物理学科特性的品质。高中物理教学的目标是促进学生学科素养的形成和发展,如学生的“物理观念”“科学思维”“科学探究”“科学态度与责任”等。物理学科核心素养是实现立德树人、深化基础教育课程改革的枢纽,也是近几年来中学物理教育研究的热门内容。今后一个时期,我国高中物理教学将学生核心素养的养成和关键能力的提升作为主要目标。在高中物理教育实施的过程中,开展以核心素养为基础的物理教育研究,对学生的核心素养进行有效培养,不仅可以让学生真正体会到物理学科思维的方式,而且可以提高中学物理教育教学质量。但在实践过程中,由于各种因素的影响,目前在高中物理教学中有效培养学生核心素养的教学目标还没有达成。本文首先深入学习新高考政策理论,然后对国内外研究现状进行分析。结合实际情况,对实施新高考改革政策省市的部分高中物理教师的工作环境和状态、高中物理教学实施情况等进行调查。根据调查的数据,以新课程标准为指导,结合当地的实际情况,分析研究找出新高考模式下影响物理教学实施的原因。通过上述研究,发现在新高考改革过程中新的物理教学理念虽然普及了,但是受到各方面因素的影响,物理学科教学现状不容乐观,物理老师和学生都还没有真正地转变观念。物理课程在新的高考模式中内容更丰富,课堂形式更灵活,对物理教学提出了更大的挑战。在学生转变物理学习理念的基础之上,物理教师应从自己的实际教学出发,研究分析出基于核心素养的教学策略。各级教育行政部门和广大中学都应在硬件设施和政策指导上等充分做好迎接新高考的准备工作。新高考政策在全国不断的扩大推广实施,高中的物理新课程改革还没有取得实质性的成效,未能达到新课程改革的目标,需要相关部门和广大教育工作者的不断努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In September 2014,according to the “implementation opinions on deepening the reform of the examination and enrollment system” issued by the State Council,China launched the largest round of reform of the college entrance examination since the college entrance examination was resumed in 1977,which opened a new chapter in the college entrance examination system in China.Shanghai and Zhejiang took the lead in launching the reform of the new college entrance examination.Beijing,Tianjin,Shandong and Hainan joined the second group of pilots in 2017,in December 2018,eight provinces and cities,including Hebei,Liaoning,Jiangsu,Fujian,Hubei,Hunan,Guangdong and Chongqing,have also joined the ranks of Gaokao reform.With the continuous development of the reform of the college entrance examination,the challenges brought about by the reform will inevitably appear in more provinces and cities.This paper aims to explore some practical teaching strategies by analyzing the current situation of physics teaching and students’ needs in the context of the new national college entrance examination,which also provides some ideas for schools to be reformed.In January 2018,the Ministry of Education officially promulgated the newly revised "General High School Physics Curriculum Standards(2017 edition)",it provides policy guidance for the implementation of physics teaching under the new college entrance examination mode.The revised curriculum standard points out that the core quality of physics is the necessary character and the key ability to meet the needs of individual life-long development and social development,which is gradually formed in the course of physics education,and which is a unique characteristic internalized through physics study.High School Physics Curriculum aims to promote the formation and development of students’ core qualities such as "physics concept","scientific thinking","scientific inquiry","scientific attitude and responsibility".The core quality of physics has become the focus of physics education in middle school,and it is also the key factor to carry out moral education and deepen the goal of curriculum reform in elementary education.From now on,it will be the core value of physics education to cultivate students’ physical core literacy and key ability.The realization of these training goals mostly depends on the research of High School Physics Teaching based on core literacy.Only when teachers work effectively on the cultivation of core literacy in the process of high school physics learning,can students really feel the way of thinking in physics,which can correspondingly improve the quality of high school physicsteaching.However,in the process of implementation,due to the influence of various factors,the current teaching goal of focusing on the effective cultivation of core literacy in high school physics teaching has not been achieved.First,this paper deeply studies the theory of the new college entrance examination policy,and then studies the current situation of college entrance examination models at home and abroad.According to the actual situation,this paper makes an investigation on the working environment and state of some physics teachers in senior high schools who have carried out the new college entrance examination policy.According to the survey data,guided by the new curriculum standards and the local situation,the paper analyzes and finds out the reasons that affect physics teaching under the new college entrance examination mode.Through the above research,it is found that although the new physics teaching concept has been popularized in the process of the reform of the new college entrance examination,the implementation of physics teaching is not optimistic due to various factors,neither physics teachers nor students have been able to really change their minds.In the context of the new Gaokao,the classroom will be more flexible,so the school should be ready for the new Gaokao,providing students with planning guidance to set up planning courses.The new curriculum reform of physics in senior high school has not achieved substantial results and failed to reach the goal of the new curriculum reform,and also needs the related department and the General Educator’s unceasing effort.更多还原