【作者】 杨柳；

【导师】 胡天军；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 物流工程（专业学位）， 2020， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电商物流的发展,快递在日常生活中的作用愈加重要,各快递企业的竞争也日趋激烈。与客户直接接触的末端配送网点是降低整个链条物流成本的重要一环,而其运营调度所面临的资源浪费、模式单一、配送路径不合理等问题正制约着物流成本的降低。本论文就快递末端配送存在的问题,对网点的运营调度进行优化研究,对于降低快递网点的物流成本,提高经济效益与资源利用率具有一定的意义。论文在国内外相关理论研究基础上,将每个快递运营网点看成一个配送中心,考虑快递任务具有时间限制严格、可送货与取货等特点,针对营运网点(配送中心)之间合作与不合作的关系,分别构建了带软时间窗约束可同时取派货的传统调度优化模型与带软时间窗约束可同时取派货的多运营网点联合调度优化模型。模型均以网点总成本最小为目标,按营运网点辖区将客户分群,每一客户群里的客户有取货或送货需求,并设定了以客户可接受送货或取货的服务时间限制范围,以此作为构建快递车辆调度及路径优化模型的基础。在传统模式中,各网点之间独立运营,快递员只为其所在营业网点辖区下的客户群服务;在联合调度模式中,各网点之间信息互通,当快递员完成本区域网点的配送任务且在满足时间等限制的情况下可以跨区域为其他网点客户提供服务。论文运用改进蚁群算法对两种模式的模型进行求解,通过对比计算结果,证明运营网点联合调度优化模式在满足同样的约束条件下具有较低的配送成本。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of e-commerce logistics,the role of express delivery in daily life is becoming more and more important,and the competition among delivery companies is becoming increasingly fierce.The terminal distribution network directly in contact with customers is an important part of reducing the logistics cost of the entire chain.,and the problems of resource waste,single mode,and unreasonable distribution path faced by its operation and scheduling are restricting the reduction of logistics costs.This paper optimizes the operation and scheduling of networks in terms of the problems of terminal delivery in express delivery,which has certain significance for reducing the logistics cost of express outlets and improving economic efficiency and resource utilization.On the basis of relevant theoretical research at home and abroad,the paper regards each express operation network as a distribution center.Considering the express delivery task has the characteristics of strict time limit,delivery and pickup,etc.Aiming at the relationship between cooperation and non-cooperation between operating networks,a traditional scheduling optimization model and a multi-operating network joint scheduling optimization model with soft time window constraints for simultaneous delivery is constructed.The model aims at the minimum total cost of the networks,and divides the customers into groups according to the jurisdiction of the operating networks.The customers in each customer group have pickup or delivery requirements,and set a service time limit for customers to accept delivery or pickup.These are used as the basis for constructing express vehicle scheduling and route optimization models.In the traditional model,each network operates independently and the courier only serves its customer base under the jurisdiction of the business network;In the joint scheduling model,information is exchanged between the networks,when the courier completes the distribution task of the regional network it can provide services to customers at other networks across regions when meeting time and other constraints.In this paper,the improved ant colony algorithm is used to solve the two models.By comparing the calculation results,it is proved that the joint scheduling optimization model of the operation network has a lower distribution cost under the same constraints.更多还原